Rai>hanHs. CAPl'AlilDAtJE.K 49 



Very coiiinion on dry liillsi.l.-s IVnm Los Angrles to Oregon ; also in W. Neva-la and Arizona. 

 The form with jiprforatcd wing is froiiuontly known as Lace-pod. 



2. T. laciniatUS, Nutt. Sriuillor and more sicndor : loaves narrowly linear or 

 else pinnaU'iy or runcinately cut into narrowly linear segments; the canlino scarcely 

 auricled at haso : pods obovate, jmbescent or glabrons, 2 to 3 lines long, cuneate at 

 base, snrroundcd by a narrow entire or somewhat crenate wing. — Torr. <fe Gray 

 Y\. i. 118; Walson, Bot. Kiiig l-lxp. 31. 



Var. crenatus, Brewer. 'I'lie broader wing more deeply crenate or fringed with 

 roundcMJ lobes.— T. virii<itH.<<, Nntt. 1. c. 



Less comnion tliaii llip last, ranging from tlif Sacnmionto to S. Calirornia and ciustwnnl in 

 Arizona ; tlic variety .sonictiine.s known as Fringe-pod. 



3. T. radians, 15enth. Glabrous, 1 to 1^ feet high: radiad leaves runcinate- 

 pinnatifid, the cauline ovate-laneeolate and auriculate-clasping : petals about equal- 

 ling the sei)als : j)ods round, 4 to 5 lines in diameter, tomentose or smooth, scarcely 

 emarginate, with a broad entire translucent wing conspicuously marked by radiating 

 nerves : style very short : pedicels G to 8 lines long, recurved. — PI. Hartw. 297. 



Valleys and low hills in Central California, much less freijuent than tho preceding. 



4. T. pusillus, Hook. Roughly ptibescent throughout, 3 to 12 inches high: 

 lower leaves broadly oblanceolate, entire or remotely dentate, ^ to 1 inch long, 

 shortly petioled ; cauline leaves similar but smaller, usually entire, sessile but not 

 (dasping: llowers barely a line long, sometimes apetalous: pods obovate to orbicular, 

 a line long or less, hirsute with hooked hairs, scarcely or not at all emarginate : 

 style short : pedicels 1 to 2 lines long, at length reHexed. — Ic. PI. t. 43 ; Hook. & 

 Arn. Bot. P.eechey, 324. T. oh Inin/if alius, Nutt. in Torr. Sc Grray, Fl. i. 118. 



Common on low dry hills from bos Angeles to Vancouver Island. 



T. EREcrus, "\Vat5on. is an additional species from Ouadahii.e Island, Palmer. Glabrous and 

 leafy : leaves oblong to oblanceolate, auriculatc-cla-sping, sinuafely dentate : fruit on erect i)edicel9 

 minutely puljescent, the wing entire, not nerved nor perforated. ' ' 



29. RAPHANUS, Linn. Kadisii. 

 Pod indehiscent, elongated, terete, attenuated above, 2-jointed ; lower joint often 

 seedless, the upper inflated or constricted between the several seeds. Style long and 

 Htoiit. Cotyledons ('nl'olding Mi.< radich^ — Cmirse inlroduc-d annunl.s or hinmiials. 

 Tho si-eeies are now reduced to half n dozen or less, all natives of tiie Eastern Continent. 

 1. R. sativus, Linn. More or less hispid : flowers purple or ro.se-color, 8 to 10 

 bni's long : pod inflatcMl, long-pointed, 1 to 2| inches long, usimlly 2-scedcd. 



The ordinary Kadish, connnon in fields in various parts of the State ; the root not fleshy but 

 tough and stringy. Ihere arc numerous varieties in cultivation. 



R. RAPirANisnuTM Linn. Petals yellow, veined, becoming whitish or purplish : pods neck- 

 lace-shaped long-beaked, 1 - S»-seeded, breaking easily between the seeds. Known aa Wild 

 Kadish, and naturalize.! in various parts of the world as a troul)lesome weed in cultivated fields 

 To be expected in California. 



Order VI 11. CAPPARIDACE.^. 



Herbs or shruHs, with alternate leaves and perfect hypogyn.ms Ib.uers; related to 

 Crucifero', having the .sepals or lobes of the enlyx and petals (with claws) 4, the 

 stamens commonly C. mid n pod wKb a pair of p:u-i.>lal placenta- fnnn which tho 

 valves fall away ; but the embryo is incurved nther than folded, and the juice or 

 herbage, although sometimes pungent (as in C.tpers), is genemlly nauseous or bitter. 

 — Stamens sometimes numerous, when f, noiuly e.pi.d in l.Migth. or not distinctly 



