Adolphia. RHAMNACE^.. IQI 



three lines long, obovoid, 2 - 41obed and 2 - 4-seeded, bright red. — Torr. & Gray, 

 Fl. i. 261. R. ilicifolius, Kellogg, Proc. Calif. Acad. ii. 36. 



Hillsides and mountains, from San Diego northward to Clear Lake, Yosemite Valley, and the 

 Upper Sacramento and eastward into Arizona. Wood yellow or dark-colored, very fine-grained 

 and heavy ; the foliage very variable. The ripe berries are much used by the Indians for 

 food, and their veins are said to become tinged by a deposition of the red coloring matter. 



§ 2. Seeds and nutlets convex on the hack, the rhaphe lateral : cotyledons fleshy, flat : 

 flowers mostly perfect, in pedunculate cymes. — KiiANdUiiA, {Fratif/nla, JJi'oiign.) 



3. R. Californlca, ICHchflcholtz. A sproadiug HJinili, 4 to 18 loot higli ; young 

 branclioa soinovvliat toinontoso : leaves ovato-oblong to olliptiiml, 1 to 4 inches long, 

 ^ to 1 ^ wide, acute or obtuse, mostly rounded at base, denticulate or nearly entire, 

 evergreen : peduncles with numerous mostly abortive flowers in subumbellate fas- 

 cicles : calyx usually 5-cloft : petals very small, broadly ovate, emarginate : fruit black- 

 ish purple, with thin pulp, 3 or 4 lines in diameter, 2- 3-lobed and 2 - 3-seeded. — 

 B. oleifolius, Ilook. Fl. i. 123, t. 44. Fran.gula Californica, Gray, Gen. 111. ii. 178, 



Var. tomentella. Densely white-tomentose, especially on the lower side of the 

 leaves. — Ii. tomentelltts, Benth. PI. Hartw. 303. Frangula Californica, var. tomen- 

 tella. Gray, PI. Wright, ii. 28. 



Throughout California from the Upper Sacramento and Klamath Lake to Santa Barbara and 

 Fort Tejon. The variety extends to the southern boundary and eastward through Arizona to New 

 Mexico. 



4. R. Furshiana, DC. A shrub or small tree, sometimes 20 feet high ; young 

 branches tomentose : leaves elliptic, 2 to 7 inches long, 1 to 3 wide, mostly acute, 

 obtuse at base, denticidate, decidiious, somewhat pubescent beneath : flowers rather 

 large, in a somewhat umbellate cyme: sepals 5 ; petals minute, cucullate, bifid at the 

 apex : fruit black, broadly obovoid, 4 lines long, 3-lobcd and 3-seodod. — Hook. 

 Fl. i. 123, t. 43; Torr. k Gray, Fl. i. 262. 



Mendocino County, and northward to the British Boundary. 



4. ADOLPHIA, Meisner. 



Calyx hemispherical, with spreading lobes ; the tube lined with the thin disk. 

 Petals 5, sjiatulate, hooded, covering the anthers, inserted with the stamens on the 

 throat of the calyx, equalling the sepals. Ovary subglobose, free, smooth, 3-celled : 

 style slender, jointed near the base and at length deciduoiis : stigma 3-lobed. Fruit 

 coriaceous, surrounded nearly to the middle by the free calyx ; the 3 cells dehiscent 

 on the inner angle. Seed convex on the back : cotyledons rounded. — Shrubs with 

 numerous opposite spinose branches ; leaves small (or none), opposite, entire ; stip- 

 ules small, brown, rigid and subpersistent ; flowers small, in axillary fascicles. 

 Only the following species are known. 



1. A. Californica, "Watson. In large dense clumps two feet high : branches 

 terete, with spreading spiny branchlets, puberulent : leaves orbicular to oblong- 

 ovate, often retuse, a line or two long, abruptly attenuate to a slender petiole : 

 flowers greenish, two lines broad, on pedicels as long as the leaves : petals rather 

 broadly hooded : fruit two lines in diameter ; the short styles jointed at the very 

 base.— Proc. Am. Acad. xi. 126. A. infesta, Torr. in Bot. Mex. Bound. 45, in part. 



At Solcdnd and in Cliollns Valley, near Snn Diogo {Pnrry, Cleveland, Palmer) ; also at Mon- 

 terey, Piirry. 



A. TNFERTA, Moisuer. Resembling the last : three to four foot high : loaves linear to oblong- 

 lanccolato, mucroniito, attenuate to a short poHole, 2 to 6 linos long : ]>otnl8 narrowly hooded : 

 stylo a line long, ji)iiitcd above the base and leaving the capsule apiculato. — Mexico, ranging 

 into New Mexico ami Arizona. 



