1 on KOSAUE.^^:. Hetei-omdcs. 



24. HETEROMELES, J. Rueiuei. 



Calyx turbinate; limb 5-partcil, puibiaLeut. Petals 5, spreading. Stamens 10, 

 in pairs opposite to the calyx-teeth ; tilaments thickened, dilated at base and some- 

 what connate. Carpels 2, lightly united, very tomeutose, adnate to the calyx-tube 

 at lirst only dorsally to the middle : styles terminal, distinct : ovules 2 in each cell, 

 ascending. Fruit red, berry-like, ovoid, the fleshy calyx-tube connate with the 

 membranaceous carpels to the middle, and the thickened teeth closed over Ihem 

 above. Seetls 1 or 2 in each cell. — A shrub or small tree; leaves simph', ct)ria- 

 ceous and evergreen, .shari)ly serrate ; stii)ules minute ; flowers white, in terminal 

 corynd)()80 panicNis. i\ single species. 



1, H. arbutifolia, Kiemer. (Toyon or'l'oLLON.) Usually a shrub, 4 to 2U leet 

 high : young branches, petioles and inflorescence somewhat tomentose-pubescent : 

 leaves dark green, lighter beneath, narrowly to oblong-lanceolate, acute at each end, 



2 to 4 inches long, on short petioles, slightly revolute on the margin: flowers 

 numerous, 3 or 4 lines broad, on short pedicels in difluse panicles : calyx 2 lines 

 long or less : fruit 3 or 4 lines in diameter : seeds half as long. — Syn. INlonog. 

 iii.°105; Decaisne, Mem. Pom. in Arcli. Mus. x. 144, t. 9. Cratagus arbutifolia. 

 Ait. f. llort. Kew, iii. 202. riwtinia arbutifolia, Lindl. Pot. Pieg. t. 491 ; Torr. 

 & Gray, Fl. i. 473. I'. Frenumtiaua, Decaisne, I. c. 



Ill the Coast Hanges, from Mendocino Co. to San l^iego; freiiuent on stream-banks, flowering in 

 June and July and maturing its fruit in DeceniluT, when it is very ornauiental from the contrast 

 between the abundant bright red fruit and the dark sliiuing foliage. The fruit tastes like that of 

 some species of Cmtcegus. 



25. PIRUS, Linn. Pear, Apple, &c. ■ 

 Calyx pitcher-shaped or turbinate; limb 5-cleft, persistent or deciduous. Petals 

 5, spreading, sessile or unguicidato. Stamens 20 ; lilaiucnts filiform. Carpels 2 to 

 5, inferior (wholly covered by the adnate tube and disk of the calyx), becoming 

 papery or cartilaginous in fruit : styles woolly at base and distinct or more or less 

 united : ovules 2, ascending. Fruit fleshy or berry-like, pear-shaped or subglobose. 



Trees or shrubs ; leaves deciduous, simple or pinnate, mostly serrate ; stijjules 



deciduous ; flowei-s corymbose, white or i)ink. 



A genus of about 40 species, inhabiting the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. As 

 generally received it includes the Tear, Apple, Crab-anple, Quince, Choke-berry, Service Tree, 

 &c., most of which have been at tinu-s recognized as distinct genera, and are so ranked hy I)o- 

 cnisne in his recent revision of the I'omucm. J', communis, Linn., the common Pear, mdigo- 

 nous to Europe and Asia, is considered by him as including all the thousands ot varieties ot that 

 fruit. It is occasionally found escaped from cultivation in neglected i)lacc8, but rarely Irnitiug. 

 The Apple, P. Malm, Linu. (Maius cummunia. Lam.), also a native oi i':urope and Asia, is 

 likewise sometimes found giowing without eultivation and bearing a small sour fruit. 



§ 1. Leaves siinjjle: styles more or less united: fruit flesh i/, mostly sunken at each end: 

 cymes simjtle. — Malus. 

 1. P. rivularis, Dougl. (Oukgon C^aAU-Ari'Lic.) A shrub or small tree, 15 to 

 25 feet high : leaves ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 1 to 3 inches long, sharply 

 serrulate, occasionally 3-lobed, more or less woolly-i)ubescent, as well as the young 

 branches, pedicels, aiul calyx: cyme shortly racemose, leafy at base; pedicels sleiuler, 

 an inch long: limb of calyx, with the stamens, at length deciduous: petals white, 

 orbicular, 3 or 4 lines broad : styles 2 to 4, glabrous : fruit re.l or yellow, obovate- 

 oblong, not sunken at base, half an inch long or more. — Hook. Fl. i. 203, L 68 ; 

 Nutt. Sylva, ii. 22, t. 49. P. diversifolla, Pongard, Veg. Sitch. 133. Malus rivu- 

 laris k diversifolia, Decaisne, Mem. Pom. 155. 



