Amelnnchier. ROSACE/E. ]89 



On Imnks of sti'cams, from Sonoma To. (liirjdorn) nnd nortliward {Bnlnndcr, KcIInrfif) to Alaska. 

 In Oregon it sometimes becomes a foot in diameter, but more usually is low, forniin" dense and 

 almost impenetrable thickets. The wood is very hard, and the fruit is used as food by llie In- 

 dians. There are some discrepancies in the descriptions of the color and size of the fruit. Nut- 

 tall speaks of it as small and purple. 



§ 2. Leaves pinnate : styles distitict, villous at base : fruit berry-like, small, f/lobose or 

 turbinate: cymes compound. — SoRBUS. 



2. P. sambucifolia, Cham. <^ Sclilecht. (Western ]\Iountain Ash.) A 

 shrub, 4 to 8 Ibet high, noarly glabrous ; the Icaf-butls and inlloresconce usually 

 si>aringly villous : loallcts 4 to 6 ])airs, oblong, acute, sharply serrate \\\i\\ .sonie- 

 Avliat spreading teeth, an inch or two long : cymes rather Hat : llowers white, 4 or 5 

 lines broad : fruit red, globose, about 4 lines in diameter. — LinuKa, ii. 3G ; Gray, 

 Manual, 161. So7-bus sambucifolia & Sitchensis, Iloemer, Syn. Monog. iii. 139. 



In the Sierra Nevada at 6,000 to 10,000 feet altitude, on the Rig Tree road and Ebbett's Pass 

 (Brnrrr), and northward to Sitka ; in the higher mountains eastward to Colorado, and through 

 British America to the Atlantic : also in Kamtschatka. The eastern P. Americana, DC, has 

 more acuminate leaflets with less spreading serraturcs, smaller fruit in more rounded cymes, and 

 glaVirous leaf- buds. The more common species in cultivation is the European P. Aucuparia, 

 Gcertner. 



26. CRA.T-ffiIGUS, Linn. Thoun. 



Calyx-tubo pitcher-shaped ; the limb 5-parted. Petals 5, spreading. Stamens 5 



to 20. Carpels 2 to 5, inferior, becoming bony 1-seeded nutlets, contiguous or 



united : styles slender, distinct : ovules 2, ascending. Fruit drupe-like, globo.se or 



ovoid. — Shrubs or small trees, mostly thorny ; leaves simple, toothed or lobed ; 



llowers corymbose, mostly white. 



A genus of 30 or more species, about half of which are North American and Mexican, the rest 

 (excepting one in New Grenada) belonging to Europe and N. Asia. Many of the species are of 

 very difficult limitation, and the characters of the Californian species are still in some doubt. 



1. C. rivularis, Nutt. A shrub or small tree, 10 to 15 feet high, glabrous 

 throughout or nearly so : spines short and stout : leaves ovate to oblong-ovate, ob- 

 tuse or acute, cuneate at base into a short slender petiole, .serrate more or less irreg- 

 ularly, but rarely at all lolied, 1 or 2 inches long : flowers 4 or 5 lines broad, in 

 emidl corymbs: calyx-lobes short and obtuse, often purplish and slightly pubescent 

 on the margin: fruit \mxi\y black, probably ratlu^r smaller than in l-he next. — Torr. 

 & Gray, Kl. i. 404 ; Nutt.'Sylva, ii. !). 



Sierra and Plumns coimtics {j)fr3. Ames, Ixmmon), and northward to the Cohnnbia. 



2. C. Douglasii, Lindl. A shrub or small tree, becoming 18 to 25 feet liigh, 

 with stout spines an inch long or less : leaves broadly ovate, cuneate or sometimes 

 rounded at base, acute, usually somewhat lobed or incised above, rather finely ser- 

 rate, somewhat villous-pubescent on both sides, 1| to 3 inches long, shortly petioled: 

 llowers often numerous, 5 to 8 lines broad : calyx-lobes lanceolate, nearly as long as 

 the tube, more or less pubescent: fruit dark purple, nearly half an inch in diameter, 

 sweet and edible. — Hot. Reg. t. 1810. C. satif/uinea, var. Dovr^lasii, Torr. & Gray, 

 Fl. i. 464 ; Nutt. Sylva, ii. 6, t. 44. Anthomeles Douglasii, Iloemer, Syn. Monog. 

 iii. 140. 



On Pit River {Brnnrr), and northward to the British boundary. Both these species are 

 apparently common through Oregon and Washington Territory, on stream-banks, ningiug east- 

 ward to Montana. The species of Colorado and Utah, whitdi has been referred to C. rivularu, 

 is probably distinct. 



27. AMELANCHIEB, MecHcus. JuNE-nr.nuY. Sr.uvicE-nF.iiuY. 

 Calyx-tube campanulatc ; the limb 5-jiarfod, ])orsistcnt. Pt^tuls 5, oblong, ascend- 

 ing. Stamens 20, short. Carpels 3 to 5, inferior, becoming membranaceous and 



