Sambucus. CArRIFOLTACEyE. 277 



Division II. GAMOPETALiE. (By A. Gray.) 



Floral envelopes both present ; the i)etals more or less united into a gamopeta- 

 loiis (othovwiso called nionoi)etalous) corolla. 



Order XLVIII. CAPRIFOLIACEiE. 



Distinguished generally by having opposite leaves without stipules, an inferior 

 2 - 5-celled ovary, and 4 or 5 equal stamens borne on the tube of the corolla, as 

 many as the lobes of the latter (in a single instance one fewer) and alternate with 

 them. — Flowers perfect. Corolla 4 - 5-cleft, sometimes irregular ; the lobes im- 

 bricated in the bud. Stamens distinct. Ovary 2-.')-celled, or not rarely by abor- 

 tion becoming one-celled : ovules either solitary and suspended or more numer- 

 ous, anatropous. Fruit a berry, drupe, or capsule. Embryo small, commonly 

 minute, in fleshy albumen. — Shrubs, or rarely herbs, with a colorless juice and 

 no very active sensible properties, normally destitute of stipules, but in several 

 fl])ecio.s those, or appendages resembling them, appear : the inflorescence generally 

 cymoso. 



A family of about a (lo;^on getipra nnd 200 species, of smnll econoinicnl iniportnncc (except ns 

 anrorilinfj Jloiieysnc.klcs and sonic otlior pliiiits for oninmontnl niltivation), mainly iiulipenons to 

 the nortliern temperate zone, rather fceMy represented in ("nlifornin. 



Tribe I. SAMBUCE.E. Corolla whcel-slinped or open bell-shaped, remilar. iStyle short and 

 2 - .'i-parted, or as many sessile stigmas. Ovules solitary in the cells, snspemied. Fruit a 

 berrydike drupe. 



1. Sambucus. Leaves pinnate. Seed like nutlets of the berrydike fniit 3 to 5. 



2. Viburnum. Leaves simple. Nutlet of berrydike diu{)c only one, flattened. 



Tiani-, IL TjONICERF'"/E. CoioUa from bcU-alinped to tubular, often irregular. Stylo elon- 

 gated, entire : stigma capitate. Leaves simido, niostl}' entire, Imt oecn.sionally sinuate- 

 toothed or pinnatifid on some vigorous shoots. 



3. Linnaea. Corolla oliscurely irregular, 5 lobed. Stamens 4, imequal. Ovary 3-celled, two of 



the cells containing sevem ini[)erfect ovules, the third a solitary fertile ovule. Fruit 

 dry, 1 -seeded. 



4. SymphoricarpuB. Corolla regular or nearly so, 4 - 5-lobed. Stamens n.s many as the lolx>.s. 



Ovary 4-cclled ; but the berry-like fruit only 2-aeeded. 



5. Lonlcera. Corolla more or less irregular, commonly 2-lippcd ( t )• Stamens 5. Ovary and 



berry 2-3-cclled, several-seeded. 



1. SAMBUCUS, Tourn. Ki.i.F.n. 



Calyx with 5 minute teeth. Corolla whcol-shapod or open urn-shaped, regularly 

 5-lobed. Stamens 5. Stigmas and cells of the ovary 3 fo 5. " Ren-ies," really 

 drupes, small and globose, juicy, containing usually 3 (rarely 4 or .')) separate sced- 

 liko n\itlet3, each lilled by a single seed. — Shrubs, or even small trees, or some 

 nearly herbaceous, their rank and thick shoots lilled by n large pith, the licrbago 

 with a heavy odor. Leaves pinnately 5- U-foliolate : leaflets serrate, occasionally 

 incised or even divided, acuminate, sometimes stipellato. Flowers small nnd very 

 Tuimerous, in compound cymes, in ours white. 



