286 



VALEUIANACE.!-;. UalUu 



of tiie lloml ones in jmirs (or even alternate), varying from rounJish-ovate to 

 oblong-lanceolate, apiculato, rigid, mostly 3-norvod : llowura yi'llowiali-wliile, soli- 

 Uiry or in tlireos at tlie eml of .short branches : fruit-bouring potUcels mostly longer 

 than the long villoua haii-a of the fruit, at length recurved. — Proc. Calif. Acad. ii. 

 1)7 (IBCl); Watson, 1. c. G. hypotriclduvi, Ciray, 1. c. (18C6). 



Dry oustiTii iiiirlioii of llio Siuini Novuiiii ; iiuur Doiuior Puss (Torreij) ; Sonora Pusa (Brewer) ; 

 Sierm Valluy, &c. ; and in Nevada. 



G. STELLATUM, Kellogg, 1. c. (to whicli is evidently to be referred O. aoutissimuvi, Gmy, 

 Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 350), extends from New Mexico through Arizona {Palmer) to Cenos 

 Island, olf the coast of Lower California, and may be found within the State. It is remarkable 

 for its ovate-lanceolate rigid leaves, tapering to a pungent point. 



4- ^- -H -(- With low and depressed stems thicklij set ivith persistent leaves, formunj 

 cushion-like tufts on the (/round : Jlowers perfect. 



14. G-. Andre"WSii, Omy. Cuespitose on slender creeping rootstocks, glabrous : 

 leaves crowded in fuurs and in axillary fascicles, subulate or acero.se, rigid, shining, 

 p\ingent, 1 -nerved, or rather with a stout midrib, either naked or apinulose-ciliate 

 on the margins : Howers solitary or in threes, terminating the branchlets, very small, 

 on short or slender pedicels : corolla wliite. — Proc. Am. Acad. vi. 538. 



Dry hills near the coast, from the liay of Monterey south to Fort Tejon, &c. Plant forming 

 tufts from 2 inches to a span in height ; leaves 2 to 5 lines long, half a line or less in width. 

 [The fruit, recently colieclcd by Pulincr, proves to be baccate and glabrous, showing lliat the 

 species is most nearly allied to <f. Nuttallii of the Kki.UI'NIUM section.] 



OuDER L. VALERIANACE^. 



These arc herbs, witli opposite leaves and no .stipules; the di.stinct stamens (1 to 

 4) almost always fewer than the lobes of the corolla, and borne on its tube; the 

 inferior ovary with two abortive or empty cells, and a single fertile one containing 

 a solitary pendulous ovule, rii)ening into a kind of akene. — Flowers perfect or by 

 abortion diiecious. Calyx sometimes obsolete, except its tube consolidated with the 

 ovary, sometimes with a limb composed of teeth, chalf, or bristles. Corolla tubu- 

 lar or funnelform, often irregular; its limb 3-5-cleft; the lobes imbricated in th« 

 bud. Style filiform : stigmas 1 to 3 : ovule anatropous. Fruit dry and indehis- 

 cent, either one-celled, the two other cells having disappeared, or more or less 

 3-celled, two of the cells empty or mere vestiges. Seed destitute of albumen, lilled 

 by the large and straight embryo : i-adicle superior. — Inflorescence cymose. 



A family of nine genera and about 300 species, of small economical imi^rtance, except as yield- 

 ing the oflicinal Valerian (the jjeculiar odor anil properties of which prev.iil in the roots of most 

 of the perennial species), mainly belonging to the temperate and frigid parts of the world, spar- 

 ingly represented in North America. Only one Valerian has thus far been detected in California, 

 but there is a peculiar genus. 



Corn Salads {Fcdia or Faleriancllu) are likely to occur in grain-fields, iiitroduceil from Euroi^, 

 but are not yet mot with. 



1. Valeriana. Limb of the calyx inrollcd and concealed in llower, evoluto and iiapiius-like 



in I'ruil, of iihimoHc bristles, {'onilla Hinirlcss. Stiimens :). Perennials. 



2. Pleotritis. Limb of tlie calyx olisolete. 'I'ube of the corolla bearing a .>spur. Stiimens 3. 



Annuals. 



1. VALERIANA, 'l\.urn. Valkuian. 

 Limb of the calyx involute and concealed in the fluwering state, evoluto in fruit, 

 formed of numerous plumose bristles, resembling a pappus, deciduous. Corolla with 

 more or less cylindrical tjr obconical tube, which is often gibbnus but not spurred at 



