COMPOSITiE. 295 



70. Monolopia. Receptacle conical. Scales of the involucre united into a cup or only at 



base. Rays broad, 2-4-lobcd, in the typical species bearing n rounded appendage on 

 the opposite side of the throat. Akenes obovate or oblong, tiie outer ones oljconiprcsbcd ; 

 the terniinal areola small : pappus none. Leaves alternate or mrely opposite, entire or 

 pinnately parted. Woolly plants. 



71. Lastheuia § Hologymnk. Receptacle conical. Scales of the involucre united almost to 



their tips into a 10 - IS-toothed cup. Akenes linear-oblong : pappus none. Leaves all 

 opposite, entire, sessile and connate at base. Glabrous plant. 



++ ++ ++ Rays none, the marginal pistillate flowers having short tubular corollas. 



72. Amblyopappua. Head several-flowered. Involucre of 4 to 6 scales. Corollas all very 



short, those of pistillate flowers 2 - 4-toothcd, of the perfect flowers 5-toothed. Akenes 

 oblong-cuneate, 4-angled : pappus of blunt scales. 



+- +• Receptacle flat : scales of the involucre narrow, chiefly linear. 



+4- Heads with regular ligulate and pistillate rays. 



73. Amanria. Involucre hemispherical, many-flowered, of numerous scales. Pappus none. 



Leaves round-cordate, petioled, palmately lobed or toothed, all the lower ones opposite. 



74. Hulsea. Involucre hemispherical, very many-flowered, of very numerous scales. Pappus 



of 4 short thin-hyaline blunt and nerveless scales. Leaves alternate, pinnately lobed or 

 toothed. 



7r). Rigiopappua. Involucre campanulato, rather many-flowered. Rays short and inconspicu- 

 ous. Pappus of 4 or 5 rigid opaque awn-shaped scales. Leaves alternate, linear, 

 entire. 



++ ++ Heads destitute of ligulate rays, and homogamous, at least in Californian species ; but the 

 marginal corollas sometimes enlarged. 



76. Palafoxia. Involucre narrow, several-flowered. Lobes or teeth of the corolla narrow. 



Pappus of hyaline scales traversed by a stout midrib. Roughish herbs or shrubs, with 

 alternate entire narrow leaves, and rose or purple flowers. 



77. Chaenactia. Involucre campanulate or hemispherical. Lobes or teeth of the corolla short 



and broad. Pappus of blunt hyaline nerveless or nearly nerveless scales, rarely want- 

 ing. Woolly, viscid-glandular, or nearly smooth herbs, with alternate 1 -3-pinnately 

 parted leaves, and yellow or flesh-colored flowers, the marginal ones commonly enlarged. 

 Rarely some rigid bristles on the receptacle. 



• * Akenes turbinate or obpyramidal : leaves all or all but the lower alternate. 



-f- Scales of the involucre or their tips spreading or rcflexed : rays cuncate, 3-5-lobed : pappus 



of hyaline commonly awn-pointed scales. 



78. Gaillardia. Rays neutral. Receptacle with some rigid awns among the flowers. Akenes 



involucellate with villous haii-s. 



79. Helenium. Rays commonly fertile. Receptacle wholly naked. 



+■ +■ Scales of the involucre erect or anjiressed ; disk-flowers fertile, their style 2-cleft : akenes 

 nirsuto or villous. 



80. Aotdnella. Rays 8 to 12, pistillate. Involucre of numerous scales. Receptacle conical or 



convex. Pappus of 5 to 12 hyaline entire scales. 



81. Syntrlchopappua. Rays 5, pistillate. Involucre of 5 concave scales which partly enclose 



the ray-akenes. Receptacle flat. Pappus of numerous rough bristles, all united at base 

 into a ring. 



82. Trichoptilium. Rays none. Involucre of about 10 thin and flat scales. Receptacle flat. 



Pappus of 6 broad hyaline scales, cleft into many slender bristles. 



+--»--»- Scales of the involucre not roflcxod, united nt the base, in n single series ; disk-flowers 

 sterile, their style entire : akenes ]>owdcry-pai>illose. 



83. Blennosperma. Rays an elliptical or oblong ligide completely sessile on the pyriform 



akene. Pappus none. Leaves pinnately parted. 



* ♦ « Akenes oblong, flat, surrounded by a cartilaginous margin. 



84. Perltyle. Involucre campanulate, of narrow scales. Disk-corollas 4-toothod. Papnus a 



crown of minute scales or bristles, and mostly one or two awns. Leaves pnlmatcly lol>cd 

 or incised, petioled ; the lower opposite. 



Subtribe IV. TAOETINE/E. Involucre of few or several eqmd sr-ales in a single .leries 

 with or without some bractlcts at base, spott'vl, ns also Iho (gl.ibrotis) folinge. with large 

 scattered volatile-oil-glands. Hence the herbage is strong-scented. Rays deciduous. 

 {Tagctes, the type of the group, common in gardens, probably occurs in waste places 

 near dwellings.) 



