GnnphaUnm. COMPOSITE. 



341 



1. A. margaritacea, Henth. White-woolly, ono to tliroc foot lii-'ii, leafy up 

 to the bmad compound corymh : leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 2 to 4 inches 

 long, mainly l-nerved, the upper face early becoming glabrous and green : scales of 

 the involucre very numerous and pearly white, obtuse, not longer than the flowers 

 -—Gnaphahum margnritaceinn, Linn. Antennaria margaritacea, R Brown, kc. 



Thickets and open grounds from near San Francisco northward, mostly in cool districts : 

 ATnf- iT abundant in (al.for.ua hut common in Oregon, a3 it also is in the Northern 

 Atlantic States and in Northenstcrn Asia. 



36. QNAPHALIUM, Linn. Cudweed, Eveulasting. 

 Heads all alike, discoid, heterogamous ; the pistillate flowers numerous in several 

 series, with filiform corollas ; the perfect and fertile flowers fewer in the centre, 

 with tubular 4 - 5-lobed corollas. Involucre campanulate or ovoid, of several or 

 many ranks of scarious or scarious-tipped scales. Receptacle flat or convex, naked. 

 Stylo in perfect flowers 2-cleft. Akenes oblong or obovate. Pappus a single series 

 of capillary bristles, -which are barely scabrous and not thickened upward. — Floc- 

 cose-wooUy herbs, with alternate entire leaves, and yellowish or whitish flowers. 

 A largo genus, widely dispersed over the world, only a few of them North American. 

 § 1. Bristles of the pappus unconnected, falling separateli/. — True Gnaphalium. 

 * Heads or clusters terminating the erect stem or its branches : scales of Uie involucre 

 very numerous and more or less bright-colored, white or whitish, rarely tinged rose- 

 color or ijellowish, and glabrous except the base. {.Vostly biennials ?) 



-t- Corymbose or sometimes densely glomerate heads broad. 



1. G. decurrens, Ives. Eather stout, from ono to nearly three feet high, vis- 

 cid-glandular under the more or less deciduous or loose avooI : leaves conspicuously 

 decurrent, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate (1^ to 3 inches long, 2 to 4 lines broad), 

 acute : heads very numerous in dense corymbose clusters : involucre broadly cam- 

 panulate, white (sometimes becoming sordid); the scales oval or ovate. The 



var. Californicum (G. Calif ornicum, DC.) has jnostly a bright white involucre, 

 rarely tinged with rose-color; the scales obtuse. 



Common on hillsides, from San Diego through Oregon, where it occurs with duller-white in- 

 volucre as xn ih&G (kcurreiv< of the Northern Atlantic States. Akenes smooth except under a 

 strong lens, which shows mmuto scabrous points. 



2. G-. Sprengelil, Hook. & Am. Commonly rather stout and strict, a span to 

 a foot and a half high, leafy to the top, densely white-woolly, not glandular : leaves 

 linear or the lower spatulate-lanceolate, somewhat decurrent : heads in a dense capi- 

 tate cluster or a few clusters : involucre campanulate ; its scales oblong-oval, obtuse, 

 white, rarely tinged yellowish, often becoming rather sordid or tawny : akeno.s 

 almost smooth. — r,ot. Beochey, l^O; Torr. ,^ Cray, Fl. ii. 427. G. luteo-album, 

 mainly or wholly, of American authors. 



Hillsides, &c., apparently throughout the State, thence northward to Oregon and ea.stward to 

 New Me.xico. O. hilco-album, Linn, (which the more slender forms of this approach, and to 

 which G. Vira-vira of Chili seems to belong) is a weaker plant, witli fewer clusters of heads, more 

 tawny involucre, and akenes studchul with glandular elevations. Very jirohably G. Sandiricai- 

 sium, Gaudichaud, is an older name of this species. 



-«--«- Paniculate rather than corymbose heads narrow: stems at length loosely much 



branched. 



3. Gr. microcephalum, Nutt. White-woolly, not glandular : stems a foot or 

 .two high, slender : leaves linear or the lower oblanceolate (an inch or so in length), 



