392 COMPOSIT.M UaiUardia. 



G. PiNNATiKlDA, ToiT., of Coloniilo luiil New Mexico, may apmouch L'iililoiiua by way ol Ari- 

 zona. The following Wt-stfiii speidus is almost suie to bo loiuul along the. nortlu-rn borders of tlur 

 Slalo, and is thiin-foiu adniiltiHl. It is the only truly perennial .species, except the laif and 

 remarkable (L maul is, (iray, in Am. Naturalist, ix. ti73, recently discovered by Dr. Tarry in 

 Southern Utah. 



1. G. aristata, Pursli. Poicimiiil, a .span to a foot or luoio liij^h : lowest Ifuvi-.s 

 sputuluti) or ol)laiii't'(tl;tti', .sidiiotiiiioa piunatilid, tapoiiug into iH'-tiolf.s ; tlio tipper 

 sessile ami often entire : bristles on the receptacle slender, much longer than the 

 akenes, sometimes almost as long as the corolla : rays 10 to 18, an inch or more in 

 length, yellow, sometimes tinged with purjile at the ver^' base. — Lindl. l>ot. Ifeg. 

 t. 1186 ; Hook. Bot. J\Lag. t. 29-10. 



Plains and open ground, common through Oregon, extending to the Saskatcluiwan region. 



79. HELENIUM, Linn. SsKiiisii-wEicK. 



Head many-flowered, with numerous or several pistillate (rarely infertile or 

 neutral) rays : disk-flowers small and very numerous, all fertile. Involucre of one 

 or two series of mostly small scales ; the outer ones foliaceous or herbaceous, narrow 

 and unequal ; innermost shorter and more membranaceous ; all spreading and at 

 lengtii refloxed. IJeccptacle mostly globular or homisphorical, naked. Rays nearly 

 or quito destitute of tube, mostly cuuuato, palmutely S-H-lobed, usually drooping : 

 disk-corollas cylindraceous above the usually very short and narrow proper tube ; 

 the 5 or sometimes 4 teeth short and obtuse, glandular. Style-branches with capi- 

 tate-truncate tips. Akenes turbinate, striate-ribbed, hairy on the ribs. Pappus of 

 5 to 12 thin or hyaline chaffy scales, with or without a midrib, and either blunt, 

 apiculate, or awn-pointed. — Erect simple or branching herbs (N. American and 

 Mexican) ; with all the leaves alternate and all but the lower sessile, often decur- 

 rent into wings on the striate stem ; heads small or large, on naked peduncles 

 terminating the stem or branches ; flowers yellow, or those of the disk at tip turn- 

 ing brownish or purplish (the rays in some eastern species in jtart brown-purple). 

 Foliage minutely inq)ressed-i)unctate, or dotted with resinous globules, puLerulent 

 or nearly glabrous. — Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. ix. 202. 



* Heads large, the disk an inch in diameter and the rays about an inch lomj : root 

 perennial : stems, So., somewhat woulli/-j>ubescent when yoany. 



1. H. Hoopesii, (Iray. Stem stout, a foot or two high, leafy to the top, bear- 

 ing 1 to G heails on rather slender peduncles : leaves pale, glabrous or becoming so, 

 thickish, entire, oblong-lanceolate, or the lowest spatulate with a long tapering base : 

 rays cuneate-linear and moderately 2 -3- toothed at tip, these and the involucre 

 tardily retlexed : scales of the pappus lanceolate, gradually tapering into a subulate 

 or awn-like point, a little shorter than the disk-corolla. — Proc. Acad. Philad. 

 18G3, 65. 



Sierra Nevada at Sonora Pa.s3 (lircwcr, Bolandcr) ; thence to the Hoeky Mountains in Colorado.. 

 Leaves 2 to 4, or the lowest 8 to 10, inches long, half an inch to an inch and a half wide. I)i.,k- 

 corolhi with a rather long tube. Akenes rather slender. 



2. H. Bolanderi, Gray. Stem stout, a fi)ot or two high, simple or sparingly 

 branched, leal'y below : heads on mostly long and luiked very thick peduncles en- 

 larging at the summit : leaves obovate or ovate-lanceolate, entire : rays cuneate, 

 3-lobed, deflexed (in the \isual manner of the genus) : scales of the pappus lanceolate 

 or subulate, commonly beset with 3 or 4 almost setiform teeth, and tapering into a 

 slender awn which almost equals the disk-corolla. — Proc. Am. Acad. vii. 358. 



