Trorhiwu. (^()M rUSI'lM'!. 



437 



118. TROXIMON, Nult. 

 Head iiiaiiy-floworcd. Invohicic cainpainiliitc or cyliiidracoons ; tho scales mostly 

 lanceolate, imbricated in few series, tho outer often loose and somewhat foliaceous 

 or bract-like. Receptacle flat, naked, sometimes fovcolate, in one species occasion- 

 ally (and abnormally) with a few chaffy scales among the llowers. Akenes oblong 

 or linear, terete, 10-ribbed; the apex contracted into somewhat of a neck, or pro- 

 longed into a beak ; the broad base or a basilar callus to a narrower ba.se more or 

 less hollowed at the insertion. Pappus of copious bright white or whitish capillary 

 merely scabrous bristles, which are either persistent or sepai-ately deciduous from 

 tho dilated terminal areola. — Acaulescent perennials or annuals ; with clustered 

 radical leaves, and simple scapes, bearing solitary large or middle-sized heads of 

 yellow or rarely orange or purplish flowers. — Benth. it Hook. Gen. PI. ii. 522. 

 Macrorhynchus, Less., DC, &c. Stylcjjjoppus, Kymapleura, Sc Cryptoplexira, Nutt. 

 in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. n. ser. vii. 430-433. 



A RcuiiH of mwoml simcica, natives of North Aincririi wost of tlio Mississippi mui two or tliiro 

 n South America, iH-ini? now nxlcii.lfMi, by Mr. nrntliam, to Pinlmicc Mmrorhwchm. Tlio 

 latter, with hliform Leak to the akciie, seems ahuiulantly distinct from tho eastern beakless 

 1. cmpidntuvi, whicii onglit to be regarded a.s the type of the genus. IJut T. rjlaucum and T 

 miraTitmcum connect them. See Proc. Am. Acad. ix. 215. 



§ 1. Al-mcR fmiform, glabrous, tapering fjr ad nail y into a short or rather stout nerved 

 brnk: pappm persistent and rather rigid: root perennial. — Notiiothoximon. 



1. T. glaucum, Nutt. AVhen young hirsute-pidjescent, or nearly glabrous: 

 leaves varying from linear to lanceolate or oblanceolate and with entire or undulate 

 margins, rarely laciniate-pinnatilid : scapes a si)an to a foot high : scales of the invo- 

 lucre all or all but the outermost and shorter ones acuminate : mature akene taper- 

 ing into a stout beak of not more tiian half the length of its body. — Uot. Mag. 

 t. 34G2. Afacrorhynchus glancnx, Eaton in Dot. King Exp. 204. 



Var. taraxacifolium, Gray. Large : leaves 7 to 10 indies long and some- 

 times an incli and a half wide, from lanceolate to obovate-oblong, entire, toothed, or 

 sometimes pinnatifid : scape a foot or two high : involucre an inch high ; its scales 

 all acute or acuminate. — T. ta.ra.racifnl.inm, Nutt. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. e. 



Var. laciniatum, Oray. A dwarf or small form, with scapes 2 to 6 inches 

 high : leaves laciniately and runcinately pinnatifid, or occasionally entire and linear. 

 — Macrorhynchns glaucns, var. laciniatns, Eaton, 1. c. Troxivion parvifhrmn, 

 Nutt. 1. c, is an entire-leaved form. 



Ea-stern bordnrs of tho Sierra Nevada, from Carson City to Sierni VhIIcv, in the alxive two vari- 

 eties (the var. lacinuitum on Mount Dana and Carson I'ass, at 8,000 to 11,000 feet. Brewer, and 

 Summit, linlnnd/ir) ; north to Oregon, and ea.st to beyond the Korkv Mountains, mostly in low 

 grounds. Corollas yellow, sometimes turning imrplo in age. Tlie var. <1n,<^iicrphnhiin, with hairy 

 n!id larger somewhat foliaceous outer scales to the involucre, occasionally liiw ejmiry Rcalcs on tlin 

 recepiacde. 



2. T. aurantiacum, Hook. ISfore slender, a span to a foot or more high, more 

 glabrous : leaves thinner, inclined to oblanceolate or spatulnlc, ofttMi denticulate, 

 sometimes laciniate-pinnatifid : involucre (H to 9 linos high) mostly of two series of 

 less acute scales, the outer about as long as the inner and broailer : mature akenes 

 tapering into a slender beak of nearly or fully the length of the body. — Hook. Fl. 

 i. 300, t. 1 04. T. piimiltim, Nutt. 1. c, a small form. MacrorhyncJiuJi troximoidis, 

 Torr. (% Gray, Fl. ii. 491. 



Meadows or low grounds : same range as the last, and forms of tlio two often confounded. The 

 only Californian specimens seen are from " liear Valley Mejidow.s, at 4,000 foot" {liolnndfr and 

 KcUorjcj), and with pinnatifid leaves, but no fiuit. b'ipe akenes distinguish the specie,s from the 

 preceding: the p.ippus also is less persistent. The coiollas are orange, often turning to purple. 



