Apnnjidhnn. CONrPOSI'lMC. .J39 



Tiioliiiniio to Mondocino Counties (//'rrr/i/v^, liiijrlmr, Iii)liiiiifrr), nlso Piscn (AV/oj^) ; tlmnco 

 to tli(^ soiitlmrn bordcia of Oregon (I'ickr.rinq nnd Jh-nrl.riirii/tjr), in ojioii iiiiic woods, fcc. 

 UpiiiaikaMo for tlic narrow retrorsc lohca of tiio loaves, and tlio nlinipt siiintnit to tlio, akrnes. 

 These are nearly 3 lines long, while the well-formed beak attains the length of nearly an inch. 



* * * Hoot annual : plants moatlij loto and small, occasionally suhcaulescent. 



7. T. Chilense, (Jray, 1. c. More or less pubescent or liairy : leaves varying 

 from spatulato to linear-lanceolate, and from denticulate to laciniato-pinnatifid : scapes 

 Hl(>jid(M', a span or floinotiniea nearly a fdot lii^li : invohien^ (i to !) lines lii^li ; the 

 scales in about 2 series : akenes varyiuf^ from short-obhtn^ to fusiform and with 

 acute or wing-liko ribs, or the outer sometimes lO-winged, usually one half or one 

 third the length of the filiform beak. — Macrorhynrhns C'hilcnsis, Less. >Syn. 139 ; 

 Hook. Lond. Jour. Bot. vi. 256. Af. heterophyll as (Nutt.) it M. Californiciis, Torr. 

 I'k Gray, Fl. ii. 493. Kymaplenra heterophylla, Nutt. 1. c. ; the state with the outer 

 akenes mostly undulate-winged at maturity. Cryptopleura (Jalifornica, Nutt. 1. c. ; 

 the occasional and evidently abnormal state, with some of the outer akenes fleshy- 

 thickened and the ribs obsolete. 



Open grounds ; common throughout California and Oregon, extending through the interior to 

 Utah. Flowers deep yellow, expanding but oneo at midday. A most variable species, especially 

 a-s to the akenes ; in some of the forma agreeing wholly with Chilian specimens. More connnonly 

 the akenes are rather shorter and their beak longer. The state of the akenes on which Nuttall 

 founded his Cryptopleura has been only once or twice met with. The rugose-winged state is not 

 uncommon, and in various degrees, or affecting merely some of the outer akenes. 



119. TARAXACUM, Haller. DANnr.i.ioN. 

 Head many-flowered. Invohicro obk)ng-cam])aindate, of thin and narrow some- 

 what membranaceous scales in two sots ; tlio inner equal aiul erect in a single series ; 

 the outer short and calyculate, commonly loose. Keceptacle flat, naked. Akenes 

 oblong or fusiform, angled, about 10-ribbed, attenuate at base, mostly muricate on 

 the ribs towards the apex, wdiich lengthens into a long filiform beak. Pappus of 

 copious and white capillary scabrous bristles, nearly persistent. — Acaulescent 

 perennials or biennials (widely diffused over the Avorld but mainly northern) ; with 

 fi.stulous naked scapes from the tuft of radical leaves, bearing a single rather large 

 head of yellow flowers, open through tho morning. 



1. T. DenB-leonis, T)osf. Loaves runcinate, the lobes toothed : outer scales of 

 the involucre loose or redexed, the inner destitute of a callous horn at the tip. — 

 Leontodon Taraxacum, Linn. 



There are some indications of the Dandelion as an introduced plant ; but it is as yet very local. 

 The indigenous state, occuning in the liocky Mountains and in Oregon, 'may be cxpecte<l in the 

 mountains northward. 



120. APARGIDIUM, Torr. & Gmy. 



Head rather many-flowered. Involucre cylindraceous, of several narrowly lanceo- 

 late and one-nerved equal scales nearly in a single series, and a few short and loose 

 calyculate ones. Receptacle flat, naked. Akenes linear-oblong, columnar, glabrotis, 

 not tapering at either end. Pappus of copious and unequal barbellat^.-denticulato 

 capillary bristles, or the outer and smaller ones barely scabrous, all mther fragile, 

 brownish. — A einglo species. 



1. A. boreale, Torr. & Gray. .Steudess jierennial, glabrous : leaves linear lanceo- 

 late, elongated, obscurely and remotely denticidate or entire : scape slender, a span 

 to a foot high, bearing a single middle sizod hoad, nudding bofore opening : flowers 



