440 CUMl'OSIT.E. J/nruciinu. 



light yellow. — Fl. N. Am. ii. 474. Apan/ia borealis, l>oii<;ai(l. Ltoittodon. horea/c, 

 DC. Microseri<i borealis, Sclmltz Bip., ex Herder, liot. kailile, iii. (4), 28. 



In bogs, Mendocino and llunilioldt Counties, Bolunder, Kellogg. Oiegon to Alaska. Referred 

 to Leoiitodun by Heuthani and Hooker : but none of tlie bristles of tlie i>api)us are either eliafly- 

 dilated at kise or plumose ; nor is there any true Leontodon indigenous to Anieiita, witli wliicli 

 to associate it. 



121. HIERACIUM, Tourn. Hawkwki;!). 

 Head many-llowcrcd, or soiucLimus only 10 - 20-fio\vereil. luvulucro cainpaim- 

 late or cyliiulraceous ; the suilea herbaceous and narrow, the inner ones equal, the 

 outer eitiicr i^radually shorter or only short aud calyeulate, not altered in age. Iteeep- 

 tticlo Hat, naked, s(tiiirtiiiu's more or less liiuhrillate-tocjthed. Akcne.s ol)long or 

 colunnuir, terete or 4 - a-angleil, mostly lU-ribhed or striate, glabrous und smooth, 

 the apex truncate. Papi)us of one or two series of capillary rather rigid and per- 

 sistent but often fragile scabrous bristles, brownish or sordid in hue. — l*erennial 

 herbs ; with merely tootheil or entire leaves, often coarsely or bristly hairy or glan- 

 dular ; the paniculate or rarely solitary heails nutldle-sized or snudl ; corollas yellow 

 or sometimes white. — Torr. & dray, Kl. ii. 174. 



A very large and dillieult genus in Kuro|>e, niodcaateiy n'|iresenl(^il l>y pfiuliar s|ic(ies in North 

 America, and with a few andiiio 8[ie(ies in South Anieriia. 'I'lie spi:cies of the westtun side of the 

 continent are peculiar, e.\ce[>t that IL Canadcn^He, whicli nearly api)roaihe.s or passes into //. «//t- 

 hellatum of the Old World, crosses the northern Rocky Mountains into ■Washington Territory and 

 Oregon. All the (.'alifornian species have small heads and a nearly simple calyculate involiu-.re. 



* Heads only 10- l5-Jfowered : akenes taperimj upwards, 



1. H. Bolanderi, C!ray. Small : leaves mostly radical in a tuft, sessile, oblong- 

 spatulate, nearly entire, glabrous excei»t for the long spreading bristles which fringe 

 the margin and at lirst beset the ujjper surface : scape slender, a span high : slen- 

 der peduncles and cylindrical involucre naked and glabrous or nearly so : corollas 

 yellow : akeues luUy as U)ug as the jjuppus. — I'roc. Am. Acad. vii. 3(55. 



On Red Mountain, Mi^ndocino Co., Buhnukr. Heads 2 to 4 lines, and involucre 4 or 5 lines 

 long ; the latter of 7 to 9 [uincipal scales and one or two short ones, all obtuse. Akenes terete, 

 moderately fusiform, 2 lines long, lightly striate. 



* * Heads 20 -^-{ra rely 10- lb) Jiowered : akenes short, not tapering upwards. 



2. H. Breweri, Clray. Low : stems 3 to 9 inches high, leafy to the top, branch- 

 ing, ilensely clothed (at least bel(jw), as are the spatulate-lanceolate or linear-oblong 

 leaves, with very long and soft villoits hairs : heads numerous, paniculate-corym- 

 bose, 10 -20-tiowered : involucre of linear-lanceolate acute scales, somewhat glan- 

 dular-hirsute and occasionally shaggy with long bristles : corollas yellow. — Pro(;. 

 Am. Acad. vi. 553. 



Sierra Nevada in Marijiosa and Tuolumne Counties, in open places, at from 7,000 to 11,000 feet 

 of elevation. Involucre about 3 lines long ; the akenes a lino and a half. 



3. H. Scouleri, Hook. Usually a foot or two high and rather stotit : stem 

 leafy, bearing loosely panictdate 20- 40-llowered heads, beset, as also the mo.stly 

 lanceolate and entire leaves, with very long and spreading villoii.s-liispid bristles, 

 oftener from a papillo.se base : pedicels and involucre glandular-hisjjid or sometimes 

 only glandular-puberulent : corollas yellow. — Hook. Fl. i. 298. 



Sierra Valley in the Sierra Nevada, Lerninon. Common near the coast from British Columbia 

 to the southern part of Oregon, and east to the Rocky Mountains ; doubtless in all the adjacent 

 parts of California. 



4. H. albiflorum, Hook. 1. c Usually 2 feet or more high : stem leafy below, 

 simple or i)aniculately branched and bearing several or numerous small heads on 



