iyem(icl,((ln.i. CAMI\\NlILACI0y1<:. . ^^r 



3. NEMACLADUS, Nutt. 

 Calyx tube short, obconinal, adiiate to tho lower half of tlie ovary; its limb parted 

 into 5 unequal lobes. Corolla short, S-parted, or the two petals forming the lower 

 lip often distinct to the base, and longer tlian the tlirec which form the 3-partcd or 

 3-lobed tipper lip. Filaments mona(leli)hous above the middle : anthers distinct, 

 surrounding the stigma, oval, glabrous. Stylo slender, its apex incurved, a little 

 shortor than the anthers : stigma capitate, 2-lobod, .subtended by an obsolete naked 

 ring. Ovary 2-cellod : ovules 10- 18 in each cell. Capsule about two thirds hu- 

 porior, ovoid, loculicidal from the top. Seeds oval. — Nutt. in Tnuis. vVm. riiil. Soc. 

 11. ser. viii. 254; Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. 108, t. 3.5; Gray in Jour. Linn. Soc. 

 xiv. 28, where the relationship to Cr/phia (of S. Africa) is indiwited. — A single 

 species. 



1 . N. ramosissimus, Nutt. 1. c. Slender annual, about a span high, "lactes- 

 cent," widely and at length excessively brandling: branches filiform, zigzag: radical 

 leaves oval and toothed, tufted ; cauline ones all minute, linear or subulate, sub- 

 tending the branchlets and the racemose capillary naked ]»eduiicles : flowei-s minute 

 (a line or two long) : corolla flesh-color, the two longer <livisions spatulate-oblong, 

 the three others rather broader : seeds oval. 



Sandy or gravelly open places ; comnion through the Sierra Nevada and its foot-hills • thence 

 east to New Mexico. 



Order LTH. CAMPANULACE^. 



Herbs, with milky juice, alternate leaves without stipules, aii<l regular flowers, 

 having the calyx adnate to the ovary, distinct stamens (5 or rarely 4) inserted with 

 but hardly upon the corolla, alternate with its lobes, these valvato in the bud ; the 

 fruit a many-seeded 2 - 5-cclled capsule. — Calyx persistent. Stamens earlier than 

 the stigmas; the 2-celled introrse anthers opening in tiie bud before the corolla ex- 

 pands. Style single, its upper portion be-set with collecting hairs ujion which the 

 jiollen is largely deposited ; its .summit 2-5-lobed or cleft ; the stigmas being the 

 papillose inner face of these lobes, which connive until some time after the corolla 

 expands. Ovary 2 - 5-celled (rarely imperfectly so), with the placentre in the axis. 

 Ovules numerous, anatropous. Capsule usually opening by valves or boles nt or 

 near the top. Seeds small, with a straight embryo in fleshy albumen. — Flowers 

 commonly showy, more frequently the corolla blue, and withering without dropping 

 off: inflorescence for the most part centrifugal, the terminal flowers opening first. 



There are a few foreign genera witli hnccato fruit, and one with ronnnte anthers. A rather 

 fiinall family, mainly of tomperato regions, spniingly icpreHPiitcd in North Anioiica. and iw indi- 

 genous plants almost iihsent lioin South America (the L'Muxmr Iwing linre kept soj)arate), hut 

 abounding in the Old World, which furnishes numoious ornnmental species to the gardens. 

 Otherwise the order is without oconoinical importance or known active ([ualities. 

 ♦ Ovary and capsule long and narrow, or at least oblong. 



1. Githopsls. Capsule opening at the top liy a hole left by the falling away of the ba.sc of tlie 

 style, between the long and leafy calyx-lobes. 



2. Specularia. Capsule opening ontlio sides by 2 or 3 little valves which leave small round 

 perforations. 



♦ ♦ Ovary and capsule short an<l broad or globnlnr. 



3. Heterooodon. Thin walls of the capsule bursting indefinitely between tho riljs. Cnlyx- 

 lobcs very broad. 



4. Campanula. Cnpsule opening on the sides bv .3 to r. ^uimII v.iIv.w leaving dcfiiiito round 

 perforations. Calyx-lobes narrow. 



