522 BOllRAGINACE^. Lithosjiermum. 



3. LITHOSPERMUM, 'I'oiun. Gromwei.l. Puccoon. 



Calyx 5-parted. Cundla salveiiuini or runuelfonu ; its lobus louudeil, imbricated 

 in the bud. FihuneiiLs short. Style slender : stigma capitate - 2-lobed or some- 

 times truncate. Ovary ol" 4 distinct lobes. Nutlets 4, or by abortion fewer, ovate, 

 bony, nuked, usually white and smooth, erect, attached to the Hat rccejitaclo by the 

 base ; the scar Hat, rather small. — Herbs, usually with red or violet-colored roots 

 which contain coloring-matter, pubescent or hairy ; the flowei-s in or near the axils 

 of the upper leaves, or loafy-sjiiked. 



A genus of a coiisiilenililo uuniber of species iu the Old World, several in North America, of 

 which the most .striking are the Paccooim. One of these, L. canescens, reaches Arizona, and a 

 species much Hko it has heeii sparingly found hi Cahfoniia, viz.: 



1. L. Californicum, Oray. Perennial, a foot or two liigh, soft-hirsute through- 

 out : leaves lauctH-lute or oblong (about 2 inches long) : corolla apparently bright 

 liglit yellow, hardly an inch long ; its narrow tube almost twice the length of the 

 soft-hirsute calyx; the open and enlarged throat nearly naked; lobes very short. — 

 L. cunesceus, var., Torr, Pacif. li. liep. iv. 124. 



Grass Valley, Nevada Co., Liyclow. Plumas Co., Lemmon. The former in flower, the latter 

 in fruit : IVuiling hianches not elongated. 



2. L. pilosum, Is'utt. Perennial, pale or hoary with a soft hirsute pubescence : 

 stems numerous from a stout root, a foot high, very leafy : leaves narrowly lanceo- 

 late (2 to 4 inches long), mostly tapering from base to apex : flowers crowded in a 

 leafy cluster : corolla dull greenish-yellow, hardly half an inch long, silky outside, 

 the open throat naked or nearly so : nutlets broadly ovate, acute, smooth and pol- 

 ished. — Jour. Acad. Philad. viii. 43 ; Watson, Bot. King Exp. 238. L. ruderale, 

 Dougl. in Hook. Fl. ii. 89. 



Hills and cafions of the Sierra Nevada (Sierra Valley, Carson, &c.), and through the interior to 

 Ikitish Columbia, and east to Dakota. 



4. MYOSOTIS, Linn. auoiUMON-GuAss. Fouoet-mk-not. 



Calyx 5-parted or 5-cleft. Corolla between salverform and rotate ; the tube 

 rarely surpassing the calyx ; throat with small and Ijlunt crests at base of the 

 rounded lobes ; these convolute in the bud. Stamens, pistil, &c., as in Lithosper- 

 mum. Nutlets smooth, somewhat compressed, thin-crustaceous in texture, attached 

 to the flat re(!e[)tacle by the very base ; the scar minute. — Low herbs, mostly soft- 

 hairy ; with stnall lluwers in so-called spikes or racemes, bractless, but sometimes 

 there is a leaf or two at base of the inflorescence. Corolla blue, varying to purple 

 or white. 



Species rather numerous in the cooler parts of the Old World, veiy few in the New. None 

 have yet been detected in California ; but the following are not unlikely to occur, and are there- 

 fore briefly characterized. Both are of the section in which the calyx is closed or with lobes erect 

 in fruit, and some of its loose hairs or bristles minutely hooked at tip. 



1. M. verna, Nult. Annual or biennial, at lirst erect, a span to a foot high, 

 roughish-hirsutt) : leaves Hpatuluto-oblong : racemes strict, often h'afyatbase: pedi- 

 cels in fruit ecpudling or shorter than the rather untupiuUy 5-cleft hispid calyx, the 

 lower part erect, the upper .spreading: corolla white, very small. — Jil. versicolor 

 & M.Jlaccida in part, Hook. Fl. (?). Lycopsis Viryinica, Linn. 



Coast of Oregon ; a larg(i and loose form, with nutlets unusually largo (var. macrosperma. 

 Chapman) ; rather conimun through the Atlantic States. 



2. M. sylvatica, Hoffmann, var. alpestris, Koch. Perennial, in loose tufts, 

 pubescent or barely hirsute, a span or so in heiglit : leaves oblong-linear or lance- 



