IV . PREFACE. 



always duplicated, although those persons sketched in the 

 biographical portion may be members of the several botan- 

 ical societies mentioned in this work. Bibliographies of 

 each botanist are given as far as the limits of the book 

 would allow. 



Great care has been taken in the selection of illustra- 

 tions. Many photographs of persons and places w^ere made 

 available by the kindness of friends, so that it became 

 necessary to select a few in order to keep the number of the 

 illustrations within bounds. Many of the biographical 

 sketches are taken from various journals, all of which are 

 duly recognized in foot-notes as the source of information. 

 The author desires to thank the many kind friends who 

 have, by suggestion, materially lightened the labor of 



jDreparation. 



John W. Harshbeeger. 



Philadelphia, August 1, 1899. 



University of Pennsylvania. 



