THE INFLORESCENCE, AND THE I- LOWER 239 



and the organic apex of the flower hes at the bottom of it (v.). It is lierc 

 that the single ovule arises (vi.) and thus the ovary containing it lies appa- 

 rently below the other parts. It is described as infeAor and the tiower as 

 epigyiwus. But it is clear that the succession of parts, excepting the 



^-^ Fob. 



Fig. 188. 

 i.-viii. Successive stages in the development of the individual ii.urr oi lh«- 

 Sunflower; i.-vi. in vertical, vii., viii., in transverse section, ^^flowcr. 6 — 

 bracteole. p = peta.l. s/ = stamen. c = carppl. 5 = sepal. (i. -v., vii. and viii. x 60. 

 vi. X 16.) The shaded zone in vi. is the result of intercalary growth originating at 

 the dotted line in v. 



reduced calyx, is acropetal, and the carpels are actually nearest to the apex 

 Thus the epigynous state results from the relatively slow growth of the apex. 

 which is overtopped by the stronger growth around it. 



(vii) Differences of Synunetry. In many flowers, such cOS the Huitcr- 

 cup, Rose, or Tulip, the parts may develop equally on all sides of the 

 axis, giving a radial or actinomorphic syvunetry. This is believed to 

 be a primitive condition, and it is found in flowers which are not 

 highly specialised. It prevails in spiral or hcmicyclic types. In 

 others the development may be unequal on different radii, so as to 



