66 



/Ig. 106. 



Caryophyllaceous corolla. 



Cruciform corolla. 



Papilionaceous corolla. 



ilium, and of course parallel with each other, and are called the 

 wings or aim (Fig. 106, 6) ; the two lower are shaped like the 

 wings, and parallel with them, and cohere by their lower mar- 

 gin and form the keel or karina. (Fig, 106, c.) 



This form of the corolla is peculiar to the order Legumino- 

 sae, including the Pea, Bean, (fee. 



109. It very frequently happens that we find, in examining 

 flowers, parts which we can refer to no organ with which we 

 have become acquainted. They appear to be distinct from the 

 calyx, corolla, stamens, or pistils, and can be comprehended 

 under none of these organs, although situated among them, 

 and attached, perhaps, to them. All such parts are called ap- 

 pendages, and, from the variety of form they assume, much 

 confusion has been created in their description, from the want 

 of uniform terms applied to them. 



They have their origin either from the corolla or stamens. 

 Every appendage arising from the corolla is called a paracorollay 

 and if consisting of several pieces, larnelloB. When one arises 

 from the stamen, it is called a parastemon. 



The small appendage at the base of the petals of the Ranun- 

 culus, Professor Lindley thinks, is " a barren stamen united to 

 the base of the petal." 



The spur, calcar or nectaroiheca, is a hollow horn-like ap- 

 pendage, developed on the back and near the base of the petal, 

 opening on the anterior face. Raspail considers this append- 

 age as later in its formation than the petal, and hence con- 

 cludes that it is rather an accidental organ, and that in cases 

 where it is not developed, the petal is in its normal con- 

 dition, as sometimes happens in the Aquilegia. 



Most of the above forms were considered by the earlier 

 botanists as nectaries, but with manifest impropriety, since but 

 few, if any of them, secrete honey. 



