ORDER CXVII. CONIFEK.-E. ijl5 



5. P. pun'gens, (Lam.) A middle-sized tree, irregularly bran«hed. 

 Leaves by pairs, short, acute. Cones ovate, clustered, se>^.-ilo. Spvies 

 long, subulate, the lower reflexed. — ^. Mountains. 40 — 50 feet. 



6. P. t^'da. (L.) a large tree, with a straight, tall trunk. Leaves 

 long, by threes, in long sheaths. Cones long, deflexed. Scales armed 

 with rigid spines. This is an abundant species, but affords very little 

 resin.— ■^. April. 80— 100 feet. 



7. P. palus'tris, (L.) a large tree. Leaves by threes, very long, 

 with the sheaths pinnatifid. Cones nearly cylindrical, 6 — 10 inches 

 long. Scales muvlcate. — ^. April. Common in sandy soils. 80 — 100 

 feet. Long-leaved Fine. 



8. P. stro'bus, (L.) a large tree. Leaves by fives, slender, in short 

 sheaths. Cones solitary, pendulous, long. Scales loose. — ^. April. 

 Mountains. 100—140 feet. White Pine. 



b. Leaves solitary, distinct at the base. Scales of the cone even, attenu- 

 ated, glabrous. 



9. P. balsa'mea, (L.) a small tree. Leaves solitary, emarginate, 

 flat, glaucous beneath, somewhat pectinate at the summit, nearly erect, 

 below i-ecurved, spreading. Cone solitary, erect, cylindrical. Bracts 

 short, obovate, mucronate, somewhat serrulate, with the margins thin 

 and smooth. — '^ . May. Mountains. 40 — 50 feet. 



Balsam Fir. Balm of Gilead, 



10. P. Canaden'sis, (L.) a large or small tree, with horizontal 

 branches. Leaves solitary, flat, denticulate, in two rows. Cone small, 

 ovate, terminal, scarcely longer than the leaves. — ^j . May. Mount- 

 ains. 30 — 100 feet. Hemlock. 



11. P. ni'gra, (Ait.) A large or small tree. Leaves solitary, very 

 numerous, 4-angled, scattered, erect, straight, dark green. Cones ovate, 

 1 — 2 inches long. Scales elliptical, imbricate, erosely denticulate at the 

 apex, undulate on the mai-gins. — ^^ . April. Mountain swamps. oO — 

 100 feet. Black Spruce. 



12. P. al'ba, (Ait.) A small tree. Leaves solitary, 4-sided, less 

 crowded than the preceding species, incurved. Cones slender, nearly 

 cylindrical. >Sca/^5 broad, ovate, entire. — ^^ . Ma}-. Mountains, swamps. 

 30_40 feet. White Spruce. 



Genus 11— JUNIP'ERUS. L. 20—15. 

 (Celtic, juniper us, rougli.) 



Flowers dioecious. Sterile florets ; ament ovate. Cah/.T a 

 «cale, verticilhite, peltate. Anthers 4 — 8, 1-celled. Fertile 

 florets ; ament g-lobose. Scales 3, concave. Slif/ma open. 

 Fruit a berry, with three long, 1-seeded nuts, surrounded with 

 the united and fleshy scales. 



1. J. Virgin'ia'na, (L.) a middle-sized tree, with horizontal branchos. 

 Upper leaves imbricated, in four rows, ovate-acute, very small, by 

 thiees. Flowers axillary. Fruit dry, 1— 2 .-^eedeil, oovcrcd wiili a 

 blue powder. — ^i . May. Common. ' 20 — 00 feet. AV(/ Cedar. 



