Instructions for Pruning, Budding, &c. xv 



that they will always retain the property of the tree from 

 whence they are taken, how different foever the ftock 

 (which in time will be the ilem or trunk of the tree) may 

 be ; and this excellence is attributed to its receiving the 

 natural juices of the Earth in a more refined ftate, than 

 if they were immediately in the ground, living as it were 

 on coTrfe diet; and it is to be obferved that they are to 

 be of thi? former year's growth ior grafting and no older, 

 taken fiom branches in a healthful itate that have been 

 laid horizontally ; that is in ftraight lines, every where at 

 the fame dilfance Irom the furtace of your border, but 

 for Inoculation, the bud of the prefent year's growth mufl: 

 be tnken. See p. xxiii. 



Ejpaliers, are hedges of fruit-trees, which are re£i;u- 

 larly trained up flat on lettices of wood, to inclofe the 

 quarters of gardens. The Apple-trees moil: proper for 

 the purpofe are the Golden Pippm, Nonpareil. Rennette, 

 Grife, Aromatick Ruflet, Pile's RufTet; of Pears, the 

 fummer and autumn fruit, for ibme of the Winter Pears 

 fc'.dom fuccecd well in Efpaliers. If planted in foils that 

 are rtrong and moift, thefe trees (hould be upon Quince 

 flocks, but if dry, upon iree flocks. The dillance from 

 each other mud be according to the growth of the tree, 

 which fliould be well confidered before planting. Pears 

 on free flocks fhould be never lefs than thirty-one feet for 

 moderate growing trees ; but the vigorous fliooters the 

 fpace ot forty feet fhould be given them, efpecially in 

 ftrong foils. 1 he Pears 1 would recommend, are the 

 'Jargonelle^ Blanqitette ^ HolLnd Burgamatj Summer Betie- 

 relier, Hamdens Burgamoty Poire du Prhice, Autumn Bur- 

 gamotj U Amhrctte, Gros Rouffellet^ Chaiimontelley Beurre 

 du Royi Le Marquis, Crcjj'ane. Obftrve that if the hard 

 baking Pears are grafted upon (i^uincc flocks, tlie fruit 

 will be ftony, but the melting Pear will be improved by 

 it, provided tiiey are planted in a ftrong foil, but if the 

 foi^ be dry and gravelly they will not be proper. 



This is to be obferved that when trees have been inju- 

 dicioiilly planted, if the trunks are hc.'\lthy and good, to 

 dig up two or tliiec, leaving every third or fourth in or- 

 der; they may he at the diftamcs bcfoie mentioned, the 

 branches of which are to be laid horizon tally, but fuch 

 as will not comply with thi.^ direction, I advife to be cut 

 down near th( flcm, from wlicncc new (hoots will be 



ioon 



