450 The Gardener's New Director. 



it in wet or clayifli grounds, it never will become a tree ; 

 there it grows crooked, wind-waves, cankers and de- 

 cays; but in the foils I have juil mentioned, it grows to 

 great perfe8:ion. When you defign to plant them out 

 from the nurferies, you fliould chufe a fpot of ground 

 to plant them in, much of the fame nature with that 

 wherein they were raifed, otherwife both your expecta- 

 tion and labour will be loft. They have a leaf of a fine 

 green colour in fummer, and all u'inter their leaves re- 

 main upon them, and become of a handfome red co- 

 lour ; fo that when they are planted near firs, they en- 

 tertain the eye with a very beautiful variety. When 

 you tranfplant them from the nurfery beds into the pla- 

 ces where they are to remain, take particular care not to 

 over prune their roots, and be alio careful not to plant 

 them deep, which, in miking all plantations from nur- 

 feries, you fiiould particularly have regard to; for there 

 are more trees loft by being deep planted, than by any 

 bad management I know ; and I rather would be obliged 

 to bulk up my trees with earth about the roots, that run 

 the rifk of planting them too deep. 



The Beech requires almoft the fame culture and ma- 

 nagement with the Oak, with this effential difference, 

 however, that though the Oak will thrive almoft in any 

 foil, this will not profper in any but thofe I have above 

 direfted. It makes pretty hedges in large wildernefs 

 quarters, and may be kept in a regular figure, if it is 

 dipt twice a year. Its timber is of great ufe to turners, 

 and for making chairs; and the Maft, when you haye 

 great plenty of it, is excellent for feeding of fwine or 

 deer. 



The Elm. 



OF this tree there are feveral kinds, but I fiiall firll: 

 treat of what is called the Scots Elm, of which 

 there are many of great magnitude and great value. 

 This is what Mx. Miller in his diaionary calls the Witch 

 Elm; and I agree with Mr. £Wv;;, who thinks it the 

 Atim oi the ancients. This fort of Elm is propagated 



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