The Gardener's New Director. 453 



formed: Plant in your nurfery the old (lumps or roots of 

 thofe trees which liave been cut down, leaving a fmall 

 portion thereof above the ground, trom whence will 

 proceed a vaft number of fmall llioots, which fhould be 

 laid down, and covered with a good portion of earth du- 

 ring the winter; in the fpring, fuch layers may be ta- 

 ken from their mother plant a year after they are laid 

 down, and then be put into the nurfery, from whence, 

 in four years after, they may be tranfplanted out into 

 fuch places where they are to remain, obferving always 

 that the ground where they are to remain, be a good, 

 free, rich loam; and I always chafe to propagate from 

 layers, rather than from fuckers, for thefe I am fure ne- 

 ver produce good trees. Having given you direftions 

 how to make hedges of the Elm, I now proceed to the 

 culture of another tree, which makes very fine hedges, 

 efpecially in large wildernefs quarters. 



The Hornbeam. 



THIS tree is fometimes raifed from the feed ; but 

 as it feldom produces much feed in this country, 

 it is better and more expeditioufly raifed by layers. Lay 

 them down in autumn, and in the autumn following, 

 they will be fit to take off, to be planted in the nurfery, 

 the ground of which was well dug. They may remain 

 here for two or three years, to acquire flrength, before 

 they are planted out where they are to remain. If you 

 defign to plant them in hedge rows, you fhould encou- 

 rage all the lateral branches to grow, for this feathering 

 of their branches will foon make a hedge. If, on the 

 other hand, you defign to plant them out for variety in 

 your woods, you mufl: treat them with refpeft to the 

 pruning of their branches, as I have directed for oiher 

 trees. 



There is one fort of tree called the Hop Hornbeam, 

 which I prefer to the common Tort, for making hedges, 

 becaufc its leaves come entirely off the end of autumn, 

 and there is not that litter ol leaves continually about its 

 roots, as is the cafe with the common Hornbeam. 



H h 'J'hcrc 



