594 THE ANIMAL BODY AS A MACHINE 



which means that the consumption of energy per unit of tissue-accre- 

 tion increases in proportion to the energy which has already been 

 consumed in reaching the weight to which this unit of tissue is added. 

 When this rate of energy-consumption becomes equal to or less than the 

 Basal or Maintenance-metabolism it is obvious that growth must cease. 

 The more rapidly growth occurs, however, the less energy derived from 

 exogenous metabolism is expended during the time consumed in build- 

 ing up a unit of tissue at a slower rate. This obviously corresponds 

 very well with the facts ascertained by Aron. 



REFERENCES. 



GENERAL : 



Taylor: Digestion and Metabolism, Philadelphia, 1912. 



Krogh: The Respiratory Exchange in Animals and Man, London, 1916. 



Lusk: The Science of Nutrition, Philadelphia, 1919. 

 THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY: 



Atwater and Benedict: Metabolism of Matter and Energy in the Human Body, 

 U. S. Dept. Agric. Bull., 136, 1903. 



Benedict and Milner: Ibid., Bull., 175, 1907. 



Benedict and Carpenter: Carnegie Institute of Washington Pub. 123, 1910. 



Zeller: Arch. f. Anat. und Physiol., Physiol. Abt., 1914, p. 213. 



Murlin and Lusk: Jour. Biol. Chem., 1915, 22, p. 15. 

 THE PROTEIN- REQUIREMENT: 



Chittenden: Physiological Economy in Nutrition, New York, 1907. 



Albertoni and Rossi: Arch. f. exp. Path. u. Pharm., 1908 Supplement, p. 29. 



Hindhede: Skand. Ai;ch. f. Physiol., 1912 : 27, p. 87; 1913, 28, p. 165; 1913, 30, p. 97. 



Rubner: Ueber mod erne Ernahrungs reformen, Berlin, 1914. 

 THE NORMAL DIET: 



Atwater: Storr's Agric. Exp. Station Ann. Kept. No. 9, 1896. Memoirs of the 

 Nat. Acad. of Sciences, U. S. A., 1902, 8, p. 231. Ergeb. d. Physiol., 1904, 3, p. 

 497. 



Mombert: Das Nahrungswesen, Jena, 1904. 



Rubner: Article in von Leyden's Handbuch der Ernahrung, 1903, vol. 1. 

 ENERGY-REQUIREMENTS AND ENERGY-OUTPUT: 



Rubner: Die Gesetze des Energieverbrauchs bei der Ernahrung, Leipzig, 1902. 



Voit, E.: Zeit. f. Biol., 1901, 41, p. 113. 



Friedenthal: Centr. f. Physiol., 1910, 24, p. 321. 



Dreyer, Ray and Walker: Proc. Roy. Soc. B. 1912, 86, p. 56. 



Lusk: Jour. Biol, Chem., 1912-13, 13, p. 155. 



Fry: Quar. Jour. Exp. Physiol., 1913-14, 7, p. 185. 



Benedict: Jour. Biol. Chem., 1915, 20, p. 263. 



Dubois: Arch, of Internal Medicine, 1916, 17, p. 887. 

 STARVATION: 



Benedict: The Influence of Inanition on Metabolism, Carnegie Inst. Pubs., Wash- 

 ington, 1907, No. 77. A Study cf Prolonged Fasting, Ibid., 1915, No. 203. 



Cathcart: Biochem. Zeit., 1907, 6, p; 109. 

 METABOLISM OF INFANTS: 



Abderhalden: Zeit. f. physiol. Chen)., 1898-99, 26, p. 487; 1899, 27, p. 408. 



Heubner: Jahrb. f. Kinderheilkunde, 1905, 61, p. 430. 



Aron: Biochem. Zeit., 1910, 30, p. 207. Philippine Jour, of Sc., 1911, 6, p. 1. 

 Berl. klin. Wochensch., 1914, 51, p. 972. 



Murlin: Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. and Med., 1914, 12, p. 15. 



Pritchard: The Infant, Nutrition and Management, London, 1914, p. 71. 



Benedict and Talbot: The Gaseous Metabolism of Infants, Carnegie Inst. of Wash- 

 ington, Pub. 201, 1914. The Physiology of the Newborn Infant, Ibid., 233, 1915. 

 Am. Jour. Diseases of Children, 1914, 8, p. 1. 



Murlin and Hoobler: Ibid., 1915, 9, p. 81. 

 VEGETARIANISM : 



Atwater and Langworthy: A Digest of Metabolism Experiments, Washington, 1898. 



Ostertag: Handbuch der Fleischbeschau, Stuttgart, 1899. 

 Thomas: Arch. f. Anat. u. Physiol., Physiol. Abt,, 1909, p. 219. 



McCollum and Davis: Jour. Biol. Chem., 1913, 15, p. 167. 



McCollum, Simmonds and Pitz: Am. Jour. Physiol., 1916, 41, p 333. 



