co 



380 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY. 



952. USE OF THE ESSENTIAL OILS. - 



What are the . . 



uses of the es- 1 he essential oils are extensively em- 

 senttal oils ? ployed in the manufacture of essences, per- 

 fumes, and cordials. All of these liquids are solutions 

 of the oils in alcohol, with the addition, in the case of 

 cordials, of a portion of sugar. The oil of turpentine 

 is used in the manufacture of varnishes and burning 

 fluid, to be hereafter described. 



953. BURNING FLUID. " Burning fluid," 



What is the 



position of so called, is a solution of camphene or 

 rectified turpentine in alcohol. The sole 

 object of the camphene is to increase the 

 proportion of carbon, and thus render the flame more 

 luminous. Unmixed camphene may also be burned in 

 lamps provided with tall chimneys. The effect of the 

 chimney is to make a strong draft, and thus provide a 

 liberal supply of oxygen in proportion to the large 

 amount of carbon which the liquid contains. With- 

 out this provision, camphene burns like camphor, with 

 much smoke, depositing a large part of its carbon in 

 the form of soot or lamp-black. 



What is said 954 BURNING FLUID, "EXPLOSIVE." 

 of the expio- The mixture of alcohol and camphene, 



sibility of ./,.-, i 



" burning- known as burning fluid, is commonly 

 spoken of as explosive. That this is not 

 the fact, may be readily shown by pouring a little in a 

 saucer, and inflaming it. It burns, under these 

 circumstances, as quietly as from the wick of a 

 lamp. But if a can, containing burning fluid, be 

 shaken up and then emptied of its liquid con- 

 tents, it is found to contain an explosive atmos- 

 phere. To prove this, it may be tightly corked 



