130 



Biological Therapy 



what hasten abscess formation. Disinfectants should be 

 used liberally and careful nursing carried out. 



Very favorable results follow the use of Anti-Distem- 

 per Serum (Equine). Depending upon the size and con- 

 dition of the animal an initial dose of from fifty to one 

 hundred c.c. should be given. Somewhat quicker results can 

 be expected from intravenous administration. Subsequent 

 doses of the serum must be governed by the course of the dis- 

 ease but until there has been a decided improvement in the 

 animal with lowering of temperature and cessation of 

 abscess development a daily injection of at least fifty c.c. 

 should be made. 



PREVENTION. For conferring immediate immunity 

 the serum may be used in ten to thirty c.c. doses. The pro- 

 tection thus afforded is but passive and of short duration so 

 that the serum should only be used for prevention when im- 

 mediate protection over a short time is desired. 



For actually immunizing animals Distemper Mixed 

 Bacterin is indicated. Pitman-Moore Distemper Mixed Bac- 

 terin contains sixty billion killed bacteria to the dose. These 

 consist of 70 per cent streptococcus equi and 30 per cent of 

 streptococcus pyogenes. It is recommended that at least 

 two, but preferably three, injections be made at intervals of 

 three to seven days. 



Equine Influenza 



As ordinarily used this expression applies to a group 

 of infectious diseases characterized by pulmonary disturb- 

 ances, acute inflammation of the mucous membranes and 

 general septicemia. So-called "green horses" or horses com- 

 ing from farms to city stables are particularly susceptible. 

 The mortality is ordinarily about ten per cent, but in some 

 instances where the virulency of the etiological factors is 

 high, the mortality may be greatly increased. The acuteness 

 of the disease is greatly enhanced following any devitalizing 

 condition, such as undue exposure, shipping, etc. As a result 

 most horses which are shipped contract the disease, hence 

 it is referred to as shipping fever. Sales stables, railroad 

 cars and public marts are constantly infected as a result of 

 which most animals passing through the same show subse- 

 quent infection. Infection occurs by the digestive system 

 from contaminated food and water. Horses which have ap- 



