Biological Therapy 



137 



most valuable treatment is available in the form of Anti- 

 Hemorrhagic Septicemia Serum (Bovine). Best results 

 follow the use of a specific serum made from the blood of 

 horses hyperimmunized against B. bovisepticum, rather 

 than against B. suisepticum, B. avisepticum, or others of the 

 hemorrhagic septicemia group of organisms. Treatment 

 should, whenever possible, be administered intravenously 

 in doses of from 100 to 300 c.c. This should be repeated 

 each twelve to twenty-four hours until the acute symptoms 

 subside. One or two such treatments are generally all that 

 are required unless the disease has progrssed to the advanced 

 stage before treatment is started. Hemorrhagic septicemia 

 bacterins have been used successfully in this connection, but 

 since the results following the use of bacterins require 

 twenty-four to forty-eight hours, it is advisable that immune 

 sera be used in acute cases since the assistance afforded by 

 this product is almost immediate. 



PREVENTION. For this purpose Anti-Hemorrhagic 

 Septicemia Serum (Bovine) may be used and its results are 

 entirely dependable; however, the immunity conferred is 

 passive in type and is of but a few weeks' duration, therefore 

 an immunity of longer duration is sought in the use of other 

 biologies. 



Hemorrhagic Septicemia Bacterin is successfully used 

 in immunizing cattle against this disease. For this purpose 

 two c.c. should be injected subcutaneously at intervals of 

 three to seven days, until three doses have been given. 

 Most animals immunized in this manner will successfully 

 withstand exposure to field infection. 



The simultaneous treatment consisting of twenty to 

 thirty c.c. of Anti-Hemorrhagic Septicemia Serum (Bovine) 

 and two c.c. of Hemorrhagic Septicemia Vaccine (living 

 organisms) is used with most excellent results in territories 

 which are constantly infected and in which the virulency 

 of the outbreak is marked. Immunity conferred by this 

 treatment is of considerable length and may be depended 

 upon for at least one year following treatment. 



Hemorrhagic Septicemia in Sheep 



In sheep this disease is usually an acute septicemia, 

 while in the less frequent subacute cases it is marked by 

 pleuropneumonia with nasal and eye discharges. Young 

 sheep are most susceptible and in lambs it extorts a heavy 

 toll, particularly in those kept on low marshy pastures at 



