APPENDIX. 



361 



After selecting the island and harbour best 

 adapted to the purposes in view, you will use your 

 endeavours to make such arrangements as will 

 insure a supply of fruits, vegetables, and fresh 

 provisions, to vessels visiting it hereafter, teaching 

 the natives the modes of cultivation, and encou- 

 raging them to raise hogs in greater abundance. 



These objects will, it is presumed, occupy you 

 until the latter end of October; and when attained 

 as far as may be possible, you will proceed to the 

 port of Sydney, where adequate supplies may be 

 obtained. From thence you will make a second 

 attempt to penetrate within the Antarctic region, 

 south of Van Diemen's Land, and as far west as 

 longitude 45 E., or to Enderby 's Land, making your 

 rendezvous on your return at Kerguelen's Land, or 

 the Isle of Desolation, as it is now usually deno- 

 minated, and where you will probably arrive by the 

 latter end of March, 1840. 



From the Isle of Desolation you will proceed to 

 the Sandwich Islands, by such route as you may 

 judge best, from the information you may acquire 

 from such sources as fall in your way. 



A store-ship from the United States will meet 

 you there, with a supply of provisions, in the month 

 of April, 1840. 



Thence you will direct your course to the north- 

 west coast of America, making such surveys and 

 examinations, first of the territory of the United 

 States on the seaboard, and of the Columbia river, 

 and afterwards along the coast of California, with 

 special reference to the Bay of St. Francisco, as 

 you can accomplish by the month of October fol- 

 lowing your arrival. 



You will then proceed to the coast of Japan, 

 taking in your route as many doubtful islands as pos- 

 sible; and you have permission to pass through the 

 Straits of Sangar into the Sea of Japan, where you 

 may spend as much time as is compatible with 

 your arrival at the proper season in the sea of 

 Sooloo or Mindoro. 



Of this sea you will make a particular examina- 

 tion, with a view to ascertain whether there is any 

 safe route through it, which will shorten the 

 passage of our vessels to and from China. 



It is enjoined on you to pay very particular at- 

 tention to this object, in order that you may be 

 enabled to furnish sailing instructions to naviga- 

 tors. It may be also advisable to ascertain the 

 disposition of the inhabitants of the islands of this 

 archipelago for commerce, their productions and 

 resources. 



Having completed this survey, you will proceed 

 to the Straits of Sunda, pass through the Straits of 

 Billiton, which you will examine, and thence to the 

 port of Singapore, where it is probable you may 

 arrive about the beginning of April, 1841, and 

 where you will meet a store-ship from the United 

 States. 



Having completed this service, it is presumed 

 the objects of your enterprise will be accomplished, 

 and you will, accordingly, after receiving your sup- 

 plies at Singapore, return to the United States by 

 the Cape of Good Hope, taking such a course as 

 may be most likely to further the great purposes of 

 the expedition. 



During your stay in the southern latitudes, 

 should the dysentery or any other fatal epidemic 

 make its appearance among your crews, you have 

 leave to proceed to the northward, until the disease 



shall either disappear, or be so mitigated, as to 

 admit of the resumption of your surveys. 



The department does not feel the necessity of 

 giving any special directions for preserving the 

 health of those under your command, confiding in 

 your own experience, the care and precautions of 

 the able surgeons with whom you are provided, 

 and in the conviction you must feel, that on the 

 health of your crews must depend the success of 

 the enterprise. 



In the prosecution of these long and devious 

 voyages, you will necessarily be placed in situations 

 which cannot be anticipated, and in which, some- 

 times your own judgment and discretion, at others, 

 necessity, must be your guide. Among savage 

 nations, unacquainted with, or possessing but vague 

 ideas of the rights of property, the most common 

 cause of collision with civilized visiters, is the 

 offence and the punishment of theft. You will 

 therefore adopt every possible precaution against 

 this practice, and in the recovery of the stolen 

 property, as well as in punishing the offender, use 

 all due moderation and forbearance. 



You will permit no trade to be carried on by 

 the squadron with the countries you may visit, 

 either civilized or savage, except for necessaries 

 or curiosities, and that under express regulations 

 established by yourself, in which the rights of the 

 natives must be scrupulously respected and care- 

 fully guarded. 



You will neither interfere, nor permit any wanton 

 interference with the customs, habits, manners, or 

 prejudices of the natives of such countries or 

 islands as you may visit ; nor take part in their 

 disputes, except as a mediator ; nor commit any 

 act of hostility, unless in self-defence, or to protect 

 or secure the property of those under your com- 

 mand, or whom circumstances may have placed 

 within reach of your protection. 



You will carefully inculcate on all the officers 

 and men under your command, that courtesy and 

 kindness towards the natives, which is understood 

 and felt by all classes of mankind ; to display 

 neither arrogance nor contempt, and to appeal to 

 their good-will rather than their fears, until it 

 shall become apparent that they can only be 

 restrained from violence by fear or force. 



You will, on all occasions, avoid risking the 

 officers and men unnecessarily on shore at the 

 mercy of the natives. Treachery is one of the in- 

 variable characteristics of savages and barbarians; 

 and very many of the fatal disasters which have 

 befallen preceding navigators, have arisen from 

 too great a reliance on savage professions of friend- 

 ship, or overweening confidence in themselves. 



Much of the character of our future intercourse 

 with the natives of the lands you may visit, will 

 depend on the impressions made on their minds by 

 their first intercourse with your vessels. 



It is the nature of the savage long to remember 

 benefits, and never to forget injuries; and you will 

 use your best endeavours wherever you may go, to 

 leave behind a favourable impression of your 

 country and countrymen. The expedition is not 

 for conquest, but discovery. Its objects are all 

 peaceful ; they are to extend the empire of com- 

 merce and science ; to diminish the hazards of the 

 ocean, and point out to future navigators a course 

 by which they may avoid dangers and find safety. 



An expedition so constituted, and for such 



