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APPENDIX. 



purposes, armed for defence, not conquest, and en- 

 gaged in pursuits in which all enlightened nations 

 are equally interested, has a right to expect the 

 good- will and good offices of the whole civilized 

 world. Should our country, therefore, be unhap- 

 pily involved in war during your absence, you will 

 refrain from all acts of hostility whatever, as it is 

 confidently believed none will be committed against 

 you. So far from this being the case, it is not to 

 be doubted that even hostile nations will re- 

 spect your purposes, and afford every facility to 

 their accomplishment. 



Finally, you will recollect, that though you may 

 frequently be carried beyond the sphere of social 

 life, and the restraints of law, yet that the obliga- 

 tions of justice and humanity are always and every 

 where equally imperative in our intercourse with 

 men, and most especially savages ; that we seek 

 them, not they us ; and that if we expect to de- 

 rive advantages from the intercourse, we should 

 endeavour to confer benefits in return. 



Although the primary object of the expedition 

 is the promotion of the great interests of commerce 

 and navigation, yet you will take all occasions, not 

 incompatible with the great purposes of your un- 

 dertaking, to extend the bounds of science, and 

 promote the acquisition of knowledge. For the 

 more successful attainment of these, a corps of 

 scientific gentlemen, consisting of the following per- 

 sons, will accompany the expedition, and are 

 placed under your direction. 



MR. HALE, Philologist. 



MB. PICKERING, ) XT , ... 



MR. PEALE, } Naturalists. 



MR. COUTHOUV, Conchologist. . 

 MR. DANA, Mineralogist. 

 MR. RICH, Botanist. 



MR. BRACKENRIDGE, Horticulturist. 



The hydrography and geography of the various 

 seas and countries you may visit in the route 

 pointed out to you in the preceding instructions, 

 will occupy your special attention ; and all the 

 researches connected with them, as well as with 

 astronomy, terrestrial magnetism, and meteorology, 

 are confided exclusively to the officers of the navy, 

 on whose zeal and talenfe the department confi- 

 dently relies for such results as will enable future 

 navigators to pass over the track traversed by 

 your vessels, without fear and without danger. 



No special directions are thought necessary in 

 regard to the mode of conducting the scientific 

 researches and experiments which you are en- 

 joined to prosecute, nor is it intended to limit the 

 members of the corps each to his own particular 

 service. All are expected to co-operate harmoni- 

 ously in those kindred pursuits, whose equal 

 dignity and usefulness should ensure equal ardour 

 and industry in extending their bounds and verify- 

 ing their principles. 



As guides to yourself and to the scientific corps, 

 the department would, however, direct your par- 

 ticular attention to the learned and comprehensive 

 reports of a committee of the American Philoso- 

 phical Society of Philadelphia, the report of a 

 committee of the East India Marine Society, of 

 Salem, Massachusetts ; and to a communication 

 from the Naval Lyceum of New York, which ac- 



company, and are to be regarded as forming a 

 part of these instructions, so far as they may ac- 

 cord with the primary objects of the expedition, 

 and its present organization. You will, therefore, 

 allow the gentlemen of the scientific corps the 

 free perusal of these valuable documents, and 

 permit them to copy such portions as they may 

 think proper. 



The Russian Vice-Admiral Krusenstern has 

 transmitted to the department memorandums re- 

 lating to the objects of this expedition, together 

 with the most improved charts of his atlas of the 

 Pacific Ocean, with explanations, in three volumes. 

 These are also confided to your care ; and it is 

 not doubted that the friendly contributions of this 

 distinguished navigator will essentially contribute to 

 the success of an enterprise in which he takes 

 so deep an interest. 



You will prohibit all those under your command 

 from furnishing any persons not belonging to the 

 expedition with copies of any journal, charts, 

 plan, memorandum, specimen, drawing, painting, 

 or information of any kind, which has reference to 

 the objects or proceedings of the expedition. 



It being considered highly important that no 

 journal of these voyages, either partial or complete, 

 should be published without the authority and 

 under the supervision of the government of the 

 United States, at whose expense this expedition is 

 undertaken, you will, before you reach the waters 

 of the United States, require from every person 

 under your command the surrender of all jour- 

 nals, memorandums, remarks, writings, drawings, 

 sketches, and paintings, as well as all specimens 

 of every kind, collected or prepared during your 

 absence from the United States. 



After causing correct inventories of these to be 

 made and signed by two commissioned officers, and 

 by the parties by whom they were collected or 

 prepared, you will cause them to be carefully 

 sealed by the said officers, and reserved for such 

 disposition as the department may direct. 



You will adopt the most effectual measures to pre- 

 pare and preserve all specimens of natural history 

 that may be collected, and should any opportuni- 

 ties occur for sending home by a vessel of war of 

 the United States, copies of information, or dupli- 

 cates of specimens, or any other material you may 

 deem it important to preserve from the reach of 

 future accident, you will avail yourself of the oc- 

 casion, forwarding as frequently as may be done 

 with safety, details of your voyage and its most 

 material events, at the same time strictly prohibit- 

 ing all communications except to this department, 

 from any person attached to the expedition, re- 

 ferring to discoveries, or any circumstances con- 

 nected with the progress of your enterprise. 



It is believed that the officers under your com- 

 mand require no special advice or direction from 

 this department. Bearing in mind, as they no 

 doubt will, that the undertaking which they are 

 about assisting to accomplish, is one that neces- 

 sarily attracts the attention of the civilized world, 

 and that the honour and interests of their country 

 are equally involved in its results, it is not for a 

 moment doubted that in this, as on all other oc- 

 casions, they will so conduct themselves, as to add 

 to the reputation our navy has so justly acquired 

 at home and abroad. 



With the best wishes for the success of the ex- 



