1906 



GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE. 



1291 



published. It explains satisfactorily many 

 of the questions that baffle some of our best 

 authorities. 



Dr. E. F. Phillips, of the United States 

 Department of Agriculture, in writing about 

 it says that he considers it " one of the best 

 scientific papers on bees that has appeared 

 in recent years," and that "it combines as 

 do few papers the results of both scientific 

 and practical work." 



The author. Dr. H. von Buttel-Reepen, is 

 at the Zoological Institute, Oldenburg, i. Gr., 

 Germany. He is President of the Natur- 

 wissenschaftlichenvereiu (Natural Science 

 Union), of Oldenburg; President of the Bie- 

 nenwirtschaftlicher Centralverein fiir das 

 Herzogtum Oldenburg (Central Apicultural 

 Union for the Duchy of Oldenburg); Honor- 

 ary President of the Imkerverein (Bee-keep- 

 ers' Union). Oldenbui'g; honorary member of 

 the Bienenwirtschaftlicher Centralverein fiir 

 die Provinz Hannover (Central Apicultural 

 Union for the Province of Hannover), etc. 

 From this it will be seen that he is in very 

 close touch with the practical bee-keepers of 

 Germany. He is also one of the co-editors 

 of a " Lehrbuch der Bienenzucht" (Guide- 

 book in Apiculture). He is also the author 

 of a lai"ge number of scientific papers of 

 great value. 



The paper has been translated by Miss 

 Mary H. Geisler, of Philadelphia, Pa., and 

 the translation has been gone over by Dr. E. 

 F. Phillips, of the United States Department 

 of Agriculture. In addition to this the en- 

 tire English translation has been examined 

 by the author. Dr. von Buttel-Reepen, who 

 has made some corrections in the transla- 

 tion, and has also added considerable to 

 what appeared in the German editions, thus 

 bringing the paper right down to date. 



The table of contents indicates an exceed- 

 ingly interesting array of subjects to be 

 discussed. 



The Hive Odor and the Reactions Resulting- from it. 



Modification of Reaction toward the Hive Odor. 



The SwarminK-out of a Queenless Colony. 



Intensifying- the Reaction. 



Overcoming the Reaction toward Hive Odor. 



The Odor of the Queen. 



The Brood Odor. 



The Indifferent Odor of Young Bees. 



Failure of the Hive-odor Reactions in Queens and 

 Drones. 



Abnormal Hive Odor. 



The Means of Communication in Bees. 



Investigations with Colonies from which the 

 Queens are taken. 



Behavior of a Queenless Swarm. 



Disregard of a Queen in Open Air. 



Hearing Capacity and Sensations of Sound present. 



Experiments on Swarms. 



The Infecting Influence of the Swarm-tone. 



The Enticing Note of Bees. 



The ■' Teeting " and " Quahking " of a Queen. 



The Queen's Tone of Fear. 



Memory of Place in Bees. 



The '■ Paths " of Bees and their Direction. 



Disappearance of the Memory for Location through 

 Narcotization. 



The Box Experiment. 



The Loss of Memory for Location through Swarm 

 Dizziness, etc. 



Association of Impressions. 



Memory for the Feeding-place in the Hive. 



Conduct of Bees in the Buckwheat Season. 



Are Bees Attracted by the Color of Flowers or by 

 the NectarV 



Place Perception in the Queen. 



Memory for Locality in Scouting Bees. 



The Eyes of Bees. 



The Flight of Orientation. 



The Finding of the Hive through the Senses of 

 Sight and Smell. 



Bathe's Tree Experiment. 



Special Capacity for Orientation in Bees. 



The Influence of Weather Conditions on the Sense 

 of Sight, therefore on the Ability to Orient. 



Influence of Color on Bees. 



Some Further Contributions to the Natural History. 



The Flight of Bees into a Room. 



The Behavior of Robbing Bees. 



The Origin of Hostile Conduct. 



The Vanishing of Instincts with the Decrease in. 

 the Strength of a Colony. 



Reactions toward Flight. 



The Formation of the Honey-comb. 



The Play Instinct in Bees. 



USING TWIN NUCLEUS HIVES, TWO-STORY, 



FOR GETTING HONEY FOR TABLE USE, 



ETC. 



On page 1107 Dr. Miller makes two "jabs" 

 at his old friend A. I. Root. Now, doctor, 

 my motive in playing with a toy hive, as 

 you call it, was to see how much could be 

 done with them by women, children, and old 

 people in the way of getting honey for the 

 table, as well as enjoyment and amusement. 

 As I grow older I get impatient with compli- 

 cated unwieldy things. A big hive with 

 supers, etc., is too much; but this toy 

 hive as I used it in Northern Michigan has 

 nothing about it but a hive-body and frames; 

 and I suggested that, for a limited amount 

 of comb honey for use on the table, we could 

 dispense with sections entirely and let the 

 bees put the surplus in the frames in the up- 

 per story. The plan worked so well that on 

 several occasions when my two boys ex- 

 pressed a wish for some honey I would pick 

 up a plate and a knife, and go out and get 

 it while they were seated at the table. I 

 suppose we could put in some foundation or 

 foundation starters where we cut out the 

 chunk of honey put on the plate; but if we 

 expect to cut it right out again as soon as 

 the bees get it full, what diil'erence does it 

 make, except that they would get along fast- 

 er with foundation? and even if they should 

 build drone comb in these little frames in 

 the upper story, provided such comb were 

 cut out again for the table when capped, 

 would that do any harm? and is not drone 

 comb' really better in the sections than work- 

 er comb? * There is less wax for the amount 

 of honey contained. By the way, I got re- 

 sults so quickly from the bees in those little 

 hives I rather think that, if I were to stay 

 only a month in one locality, if in a month 

 when honey was coming in, I could start a 

 little hive and get honey for the table, and 

 at the same time have the most attractive 

 thing in the way of a curiosity for the juve- 

 niles of any thing that can be gotten up. 

 Now, doctor, you nad better get some twin 

 hives and then invite the little folks of your 

 Sunday-school to come over and see them, 

 and see how easily they can be operated 

 with a race of gentle bees. 



* By the way, doctor, we still make and sell drone 

 foundation purposely for section boxes, and we have 

 quite a few customers who insist on having the drone. 



