CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WOOD OF SOUTHERN PINES. 



13 



Ti) assist in clearing this confusion the following synopsis of botaniciil and vernacular names 

 is here inserted: 



NOJIENCLATUEE OF SOUTHERN PINES. 



Southern Tellow Pine. 

 Sontlicni Har.l Pine. 

 Soullu-rn Heart Pine. 

 Soutliern IMtch Pine. 

 Hani Pine (Miss., La.). 

 Heart I'iue (N. C. and Soulli 



i". riiiida Purclier. 



SHORTLEAF PISE. 



Yellow Pine (K.C.Ya.). 

 Shortleaved Yellow Pine, 

 Siiortleaved Pine. 

 Virginia Yellow Pino I 

 part) 



Nortli Carolina Pine 



part). 

 Carolina Pine (in part) 



Florida Pine. 

 Florida Lon^lf 

 Texas Yellow 

 Texas Lon-jlea 



ived Pine. 

 :ed Pine. 



Finns Ueda Linn. 

 Syn. : Pinua tceda var. ( 

 nui/oUa Alton. 



Shortleaved Pino (Va , N. 



.N.C.). 



C). 



,N.C., 



Pinus- heteroplnjlla (] 

 Sudw. 



Syn.: Pinuxtada var.) 

 ropliyUa Ell. 

 P.eHtoftt Engcln 



Slash Pine (Ga.. Fla.). 

 Swamp Pine (Fla. and Ala.) 



in part. 

 Bastard Pine (Fla., Ala.). 

 ' MeadowPine(FIa.,E.Miss.) 



She Pitcii Pine (Ga.). 



While it is ea.sy enousli to recognize the species in the field by their botanical characters, it 

 is difficult and often im|)ossible to distinguish them in the wood by mere macroscopic inspection 

 or examination with the niagnilier and without the aid of the microscope, uor are the microscopic 

 features so far recognized sufficient for specific distinction. 



A long continued study of these woods by Mr. Filibert Eoth, of the Division of Forestry, 

 has not developed any characteiistics which woukl be always reliable in distinguishing the species. 

 The best that can be done is to give a synopsis of characters, by which they differ generally when 

 larger quantities, as in the log or lumber pile, are under inspection. 



OHABACTERISTICS OF THE WOOD OP SOUTHERN PINES. 

 Diagnostie features of the wood. 



kiln-dried wood. , 

 Weight, pounds per cubic foot, kiln-dried 



wtMid, average. 

 Cliaractcc of grain seen in cross section. 



Color, general appearance . 



Sapwood, proportion 



Kcsin 



Variable .ind coarse; rings mostly wide, 

 avera-riiiff on larger logs 10 to 20 rings to the 



I)a^k^tl,l . inii >■ II h liii^e of flesh color. 

 Bro:id, 1 



Abuiiii I I i,-Uling more pitch 



than ln:,_.: ,: M,. ,,!,■■ freely, yielding 



little .-,11. .lie. 



Cha; 



■voud. 



pounds per cubic foot, Isiln-drieil 

 iiverage. 

 r of grain seen in cross section 



y variable: medium coarse; rings 'n 

 jar heart, followed by zone of nar: 

 ngs: not less than 4 (mostly about li 

 i 15) rings to the inch, hut often very t 



Color, general appearance "WTiitish to reddish-brown 



Sapwood, proportion I Commonly over 4 inches of radius 



Kesin I iloilerately abundant, least pitchy ; only r 



stumps, knots, and limbs. i 



Yellowish to reddish and orange brown. 

 Very variable. '^ to 6 inches of the radius. 

 Abundant; more than Shortleaf, less than 

 Lougleaf and Cuban. 



