Notes on Cole Plants 345 



land and other parts of Europe. The cultivated offspring are mostly 

 biennial. The wild cabbage is very like a tall kale. See pictures 

 in Cyclopedia Amer. Hort. under Cabbage. The types may be ar- 

 ranged as follows : 



Brassica oleracea, wild or original form. 

 Var. acephala. Kale. 

 Var. gemmifera. Brussels sprouts. 

 Var. capitata. Cabbage. 

 Var. botrytis. Cauliflower. 

 Var. caulo-rapa. Kohlrabi. 



In some of its forms cabbage has been cultivated from the 

 earliest times. For history, see Sturtevant, Amer. Nat., June, 

 1887, pp. 520-523 for cabbage; September, 1888, pp. 805-808 for 

 kale; May, 1887, pp. 440-442 for Brussels sprouts; August, 1887, 

 pp. 701-703 for cauliflower. 



On insects and diseases the following publications maybe con- 

 sulted : 



Root maggot, Cornell Bull. 78. Very complete. Illustr. 

 The really efficient means of circumventing or destroying 

 the cabbage maggot, aside from rotation, are very few. 

 See Slingerland, Cornell Bull. 78, who recommends tarred 

 paper cards placed snugly about the plants ; rubbing eggs 

 from base of the young plant; injecting crude carbolic 

 acid emulsion, or bisulfide of carbon into the ground about 

 the plants. The injections are best made with a specially 

 constructed syringe. 



Cutworms, Cornell Bull. 104. 



Worm, or Butterfly, N. Y. Bull. 83, p. 657; ill. N. Y. Bull. 

 144. Capture. Persistent use of Paris green on first crop. 

 Resin-lime mixture: Pulv. resin, 5 Ibs. ; concentrated lye, 1 

 Ib. ; fish oil or any cheap animal oil, except tallow, 1 pt. ; 

 water, 5 gals. 



Looper. Same as for worm. 



Aphis, N. Y. Bull. 83, p. 673. Fla. Bull. 34, p. 270. Bisulfide 

 of carbon ; kerosene emulsion diluted with ten parts water ; 

 on lower and upper sides of leaves if possible when small. 

 Tobacco ; pyrethrum ; Persian insect powder. 



