388 The Principles of Vegetable -Gardening 



tie grown in this country because of our hot climate. They are 

 used as shell beans; also for stock. They are as hardy as peas. 

 Sow early in a cool place in drills 2 to 3 feet apart. 



In 1883, Wing described 102 varieties of beans, distributed in 

 several species (2d Rept. N. Y. State Exp. Sta., p. 235-259). 

 They were first classified into their species. The subdivisions 

 were made chiefly on the shapes and colors of the seeds. In 1889, 

 American seedsmen listed 141 names of garden beans, 4 of Wind- 

 sor or Broad beans, 13 of Limas. 



The garden beans are all members of the Leguminosse. The 

 botanical places of the commonest kinds are as follows: 



Bush and ordinary pole beans, Phaseolus vulgaris. Fig. 116. 

 Now believed to be a native of tropical America. See 

 Gray and Trumbull, Amer. Journ. Sci. 26:130 (Aug. 

 1883); Sturtevant, Amer. Nat., May, 1885, pp. 448-452, 

 and April, 1887, pp. 327-333; Wittmack, Berichte der 

 Deutsch. Bot. Gesell. 6:374 (1888). 



Sieva or Carolina Limas, Phaseolus lunatus. Tropical Amer- 

 ica. Fig. 119. 

 Tall or Large Limas, Phaseolus lunatus var. macrocarpus. 



South America. Figs. 117, 120-123. 

 White Dutch Runner and Scarlet Runner, Phaseolus multi- 



florus. South America. 



French Yard-Long, Dolichos sesquipedalis- South America. 

 Soy. , Glycine hispida. Japan. 

 Broad or Windsor, Vlcla Fdba. Asia. Fig. 118. 

 Velvet, Mucunau tills, Asia; sometimes eaten. 



For a monograph of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) 

 the student should consult Von Martens' "Die Gartenbohnen," 

 1869. 



For an account of the Dwarf Limas, see Bailey, Bull. 87, Cor- 

 nell Exp. Sta. (1895); of the Pole. Limas, Bull. 115, Cornell Exp. 

 Sta. (1896). For further history of Lima beans, see Sturtevant, 

 Amer. Nat. Aug., 1899, pp. 665-67;. > -:% 



"The Lima beans are natives of warm countries. The large 

 flat Limas are perennials, or at least plur-annuals, in their native 

 countries. They therefore require a long season, and one who ex- 



