22 



east and west sides of the main building. The lowest tier of 

 apertures on the west sides are evidently those of windows for 

 lighting the cellar of the castle ; the tier next above these are, 

 or rather were, loopholes, but the facing stones having been 

 removed the contraction of the openings that originally existed 

 is no longer apparent. The uppermost tier is simply a range of 

 windows the places where the iron bars were inserted being 

 plainly visible. 



Prom the east side the cellar received no light, consequently 

 there is one tier of perforations less. On this side was a door- 

 way and four loopholes on the ground floor, and four windows 

 above. I doubt very much whether there were on either the 

 east or west side embrazures for cannon. The ground plan cer- 

 rainly gives a figure of what appears to be a cannon lying in 

 one of the eastern openings, but it must I think be an error, as 

 at the point in question, immediately behind the supposed 

 embrazure is the head of a staircase leading to the cellar. The 

 castle on the land side was in fact very weakly fortified. It 

 relied perhaps for defence in this direction on its ditch and ram- 

 part, the latter doubtless furnished with cannon, especially at 

 the bastions at its east and west angles. 



The "open barbicane" mentioned by Leland is not visible. 

 He must, I think, have inaccurately applied the word to the 

 gun room at the southern end. The term is rightly employed to 

 indicate a port in advance of the main building for the purpose 

 of protecting the entrance gate and drawbridge, if any. 



Grose omits to mention the grooves in which slid the portcullis, 

 and which are still visible at the north and principal entrance. 



The arrangements of the interior will best be understood after 

 actual inspection, I will, therefore, refrain from describing them^ 

 It is evident that a very large portion of the octagonal gun. 

 room has fallen owing to the sea having undermined its founda- 

 tion. A large block is now lying on the rocks below, under- 

 going the gradual disintegration by the action of the waves 

 that has in my time dispersed many still larger fragments. In 

 my father's time, sixty years ago, a carriage could be driven 



