176 APPENDIX. 



Protestant, or Catholic, forgets his religious party in thinking of 

 the rights of the outraged flither. Let dissenting Christians in 

 Spain he condemned by the secular courts for their acts of wor- 

 ship, and the Universal Israelite Alliance lifts up, in fovor of its 

 Christian brethren, the most noble and touching remonstrances. 



" Is Rome alone, in this concert of civilized nations, to be want- 

 ing to its mission ? "When libert}^ is the tirst need of the age — a 

 need so imperative that even those who curse it at the bottom of 

 their hearts are compelled to assume the disguise of it — when it 

 is the star toward whicli are turned the eyes of the oppressed of 

 the whole earth, is the temporal lîome of the popes to remain the 

 insurmountable obstacle to it? This state of things, which holds 

 Italy and all Christendom in check, is a vast misfortune, and 

 almost a defiance flung by the spirit of the past before the aspira- 

 tions of the civilized world. 



" No event, therefore, occurring in Europe, can be sutïïcient to 

 justify us in losing sight of this great interest, which overtops all 

 others in importance. Keep it ever before the people — eveiy 

 liberal conquest will be precarious, every solution will be incom- 

 plete, so long as the knot is not fairly cut at Rome by the aboli- 

 tion of the temporal papacy. For years past, therefore, we have 

 made this our Belenda Carthago. 



" Furthermore, every institution has got to be tested by liberty. 

 The obstinacy of the Catholic clergy, in clinging to a political 

 basis, convinces only too many of the men of liberal sentiments 

 that the Church has no other foundation, and that when this 

 foundation fails, the whole structure will tumble at once." 



Such language as this could not but be displeasing at Rome : 

 bnt then, on the other hand, the papal power was bound to show 

 its gratitude to those eminent men who had undertaken to be its 

 champious. But it accoi'ded this cordially and unreservedl}^ only 

 to those who had served it exactly according to its mind, and had 

 understood distinctly that the cause of the papal poAver was iden- 

 tical with the cause of absolutism. It dreaded the support of 

 liberal Catholics, because it perceived clearly enough that the 

 breath which animated them was not its own spirit, and that it 

 was the same breath which had first roused Italy, and then sus- 

 tained her in opposition to Rome. It understood clearly that it 

 is not possible long to eulogize civil liberty, and, above all, liberty 



