1242 



GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE. 



Dec. 1 



article copied in our local papers, where it 

 will educate the hay-producer, and in the 

 end benefit or perhaps save the bee-man. 



The cattle-men, with their thousands of 

 head of cattle to fatten each season, say to 

 Mr. Farmer, "We can not longer pay you 

 your price for your alfalfa hay, as it is not 

 as sweet and fattening as it was in former 

 years when no bees were here to draw from 

 it its saccharine qualities." The farmer 

 naturally is influenced as it reaches his pock- 

 et and deprives him of a revenue, his only 

 one here, as every thing is alfalfa-raising; 

 hence the feeling, an honest one, against 

 the bee-man, and adverse legislation is cer- 

 tain to follow. 



I am very much interested m the fight 

 against honey adulteration here in the West, 

 and am sending to you a copy of the law on 

 the adulteration of our product. I hope you 

 may use it to our benefit. 



LAW IN CALIFORNIA WITH REFERENCE TO THE ADUL- 

 TERATION OF HONEY. 

 The following act applies especially to the adultera- 

 tion of honey in the State of California. It is an act 

 passed and approved on the twenty-third of February, 

 1897. and will be found in the Statutes of 1897, com- 

 mencing on page 12, also in the late Penal Code, pub- 

 lished in 1903 by Bancroft- Whitney Co., of San Francis- 

 co, on pages 559 and 560, and is as follows: 

 An act to prohibit the adulteration of honey, and to 

 provide a punishment therefor. 

 (Approved February 23, 1897. Stats. 1897, p. 12.) 

 Section 1. — No person shall, within this State man- 

 ufacture for sale, offer for sale, or sell any extracted 

 honey which is adulterated by the admixture therewith 

 of either refined or commercial glucose, or any other 

 substance or substances, article or articles which may 

 in any manner affect the purity of the honey. 



Section 2.— Every person manufacturing, exposing, 

 or offering for sale or delivering to a purchaser any ex- 

 tracted honey shall furnish to any person interested, or 

 demanding the same, who shall apply to him for the 

 Durpose and tender him the value of the same, a sam- 

 ple sufficient for the analysis of any such extracted 

 honey which is in his possession. 



Section 3.— For the purposes of this act, "extracted 

 honey" is the transformed nectar of flowers, which 

 nectar is gathered by the bee from natural sources, and 

 is extracted from the comb after it has been stored by 

 the bee. 



Section 4.— Whoever violates any of the provisions 

 of this act is guilty of a misdemeanor; and, upon con- 

 viction thereof, shall be fined not l|ss than twenty-five 

 nor more than four hundred dollars, or imprisoned in 

 the county jail not less than twenty-five days nor more 

 than six months, or both such fine and imprisonment. 

 And any person found guilty of manufacturing, offer- 

 ing for sale, or selling any adulterated honey under the 

 provisions of this act may, in the discretion of the 

 court be adjudged to pay, in addition to the penalties 

 hereinbefore provided for, all necessary cost and ex- 

 pense^i not to exceed fifty dollars, incurred in analyzing 

 such adulterated honey of which such person may have 

 been found guilty of manufacturing, selling, or offering 

 for sale. 



Section 5.— This act shall be in force and take effect 

 from and after its passage. 



In addition to the foregoing, there ia in the Penal 

 Code one section which applies generally to the adul- 

 teration of foods, drugs, medicines, liquors, etc., and 

 which can be found in the Penal Code hereinbefore re- 

 ferred to. on page 159. or in the Statutes of 1903 on page 

 351, and which is as follows: 



Sec 382. -Adulterating food, drugs, liquors, etc. 

 Every person who adulterates or dilutes any article of 

 food drink, drug, medicine, spirituous or malt liquor, 

 or wine or any article useful in compounding them, 

 with the fraudulent intent to offer the same, or cause 

 or permit it to be offered for sale as unadulterated or 

 undiluted; and every person who fraudulently sells or 

 keeps or offers for sale the same as unadulterated or 

 undiluted, or who, in response to an inquiry for any 



article of food, drink, drug, medicine, spirituous or malt 

 liquor, or wine, sells or offers for sale a different article, 

 or an article of a different character or manufacture, 

 without first informing such purchaser of such differ- 

 ence, is guilty of a misdemeanor; provided that no retail 

 dealer shall be convicted under the provisions of this 

 section if he shall prove a written guaranty of purity 

 obtained from the person from whom he purchased 

 such adulterated or diluted goods. Enacted February 

 14, 1872. Amended 1903, 351. 



[The conditions reported by our corre«- 

 pondent are very unfortunate, and the bee- 

 keepers in all that section of country should 

 make sure that no ignorant prejudice shall 

 result in legislation unfavorable to their in- 

 terests. The idea that the bees suck some 

 of the strength out of the alfalfa plant, so 

 that the hay from it is not as sweet as it 

 otherwise would be, is utterly ridiculous, and 

 only shows the length to which ignorant prej- 

 udice will go. It strikes me, first, that the 

 bee-keepers' association that is now "sleep- 

 ing" should be awakened out of its slumbers. 

 It may take a big jolt to do it, but some- 

 thing ought to be done, and that very speed- 

 ily. Let that organization see that suitable 

 printed matter is put in the hands of the ig- 

 norant and prejudiced. Furthermore the or- 

 ganization could get the opinion of scientific 

 men and experiment stations everywhere 

 that would refute utterly such nonsense. 

 Gleanings will be glad to publish any thing 

 that may be offered, and we hereby call on 

 our scientific friends and our experiment sta- 

 tions to give us the truth, let it cut where it 

 may.— Ed.] 



FACTS ABOUT BABY NUCLEI. 



Their Use Means Economy in Bees; Queens 



Fertilized at the Rate of One in from 



Four to Seven Days. 



BY E. G. PHILLIPS. 



In the bee-keeping world, as in every oth- 

 er department, there are two classes of men 

 — those who possess a go-ahead spirit, and 

 who are willing to probe thoroughly every 

 new idea that is suggested, to improve .n it 

 if possible, and to adopt or reject it accord- 

 ing to the results obtained. Opposed to our 

 enterprising brethren are those who seem 

 rather intolerant of innovation and change, 

 and who are not only satisfied with what 

 knowledge and implements thty happen to 

 possess, but regard all new methods as new- 

 fangled ideas, and those who adopt them as 

 veritable crarks. This seems especially the 

 way that baby nuclei and their owners are 

 regarded. At first they were ruthlessly con- 

 demned by many, and declared by some in- 

 capable of producing queens at all; and when 

 they were found capable of accomplishing 

 the desired results the qut ens were sarcas- 

 tically spoken of as box queens, which were 

 destined to be short-lived, poor layers, etc. 

 As the contrary has been demonstrated by 

 most of our leading bee-keepers, who have 

 found the queens as good in every respect as 

 those fertilized from full colonies, I deem it 

 unnecessary to say more on this point. 



One of the chief advantages to be gained 



