RESPIRATORY & CIRCULATORY SYSTEMS 167 



digestive organs, more particularly the stomach. It is a 

 complaint which affects all classes of horses, irrespective 

 of age, sex, or condition, and once established is an in- 

 curable affection, as nothing can restore the structural 

 changes which have taken place in the lungs, wall of the 

 stomach, and possibly the nerves supplying these regions. 

 The commercial value of a broken-v/inded horse, provided 

 that this defect is discovered, becomes comparatively 

 small ; nevertheless, many a broken-winded horse con- 

 tinues to perform its work for years. Hundreds of horses 

 are sold, both privately and in open market, which are 

 broken-winded, and yet the buyer and sometimes the 

 seller is unaware of its existence. It is a slowly progressive 

 disease, and its development is sometimes due to feeding 

 a horse upon dry and dusty forage, and watering it im- 

 mediately, then driving it or putting to work. Plenty of 

 horses have become broken-winded through these causes. 

 The moral is for horse owners to avoid this pernicious 

 practice. 



Sore Throat 



Sore throat is not at all an uncommon complaint, and 

 the majority of horsemen are quite familiar with it, more 

 especially in connection with influenza, strangles, and 

 catarrh, of which it forms, in some cases at any rate, one 

 of the principal symptoms. It consists of a variable 

 degree of inflammation around the larynx and pharynx 

 or other part of the throat. It is quite an easy matter 

 to note whether the throat is sore if the animal experi- 

 ences difficulty in swallowing, and coughs very frequently, 

 more especially whilst it is being fed. Sometimes this 

 trouble is '* acute," sometimes it is " chronic," according 

 to the cause of the ailment. As a rule it is an " acute " 

 affection. If so, it will usually dechne in a week or ten 

 days' time, provided that the animal is properly looked 

 after. The cough is hard and dry at first, but later on it 

 becomes of a moist character, therefore this change may 



