CHAPTER XIX 



SOME AFFECTIONS OF URINARY ORGANS 



Any portion of the urinary apparatus is liable to become 

 the seat of various complaints, and the horse is by no 

 means exempt from the numerous troubles which involve 

 the urinary tract. The kidneys are fairly large and 

 situated beneath the loin, consequently these structures 

 are sometimes involved when the muscles on the inner 

 side of the loins are sprained. Congestion of the kidneys 

 is sometimes associated with other abnormal conditions, 

 and when a trouble of this kind is apparent the symptoms 

 which it produces are those of suppressed urination, 

 pain over the region of the kidneys, and colic. Stone in 

 the kidne^^s is by no means an unknown affection, and its 

 presence in these structures causes the animal serious 

 inconvenience. It takes the form of either gravel or as 

 a calculus placed within the pelvis of the kidney, in which 

 situation it obstructs the flow of urine from the kidneys 

 to the bladder. The bladder is sometimes inflamed and 

 sometimes it is in an irritable state through the existence 

 of gravel or a calculus, or it may be several calculi. 

 As a rule, bladder trouble produces painful and difficult 

 urination, but these symptoms are common to other 

 affections in connection with the urinary organs. Stric- 

 ture of the urethra also leads to difficult urination, the 

 urine being passed at very frequent intervals, but in 

 small quantities. In every case of urinary trouble it is 

 advisable to have professional aid, as abnormal conditions 

 of these organs can only be successfully dealt with when 

 skilful advice is employed. The urine is liable to contain 



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