00 



NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



Spermophila. Bill \ery short and broad, scarcely lonpror than hif^h, 

 not coniprt'ssod ; culnion gn-atly curvtMl. l\)K)r: i-liiclly l)lack and 

 ■\vlnt«', or hrown and irray. 



Phonipara. Bill more trianj^'ular, decidedly lon<;er than deep, nnio'> 

 conipressetl ; eulnien only slij^ditly »'in'ved, or perlectly straij.dit. Color.v. 

 dull olive-green ;uul blackish, with or without yellow about the head. 

 C Wing much shorter than the tail. 



a Head crested. Prevailing color red. Bill red or whitish. 



Pyrrhuloxia. Bill pyrrhuline, very short, and with the culmen greatly 

 convex; shorter than high. Hind claw less than it»< digit; not much 

 larger than the middle anterior one. Tarsus eciual to the middle toe. 

 Nest in bush or low tree ; eggs white, spotted with lilac and olive. 

 Cardinalis. Bill coccothranstine, very large ; culmen very slightly 

 convex. Wings more rounded. Feet as in the last, except that the 

 tarsus is longer than the middle toe. Nest in bush or low tree ; eggs 

 white, spotted with lilac and olive. 



b. Head not crested. Colors black, brown, or olive, without red. Bill dusky, 



or bluish. 



Pipilo. Bill moderate ; culmen and commissure curved. Hind claw 

 very large and strong; longer than its digit. Tarsjis less than the 

 middle toe. Nest on ground or in low bush; eggs white sprinkled with 

 red, or pale blue with black dots and lines round larger end. 



Genlvs CALAMOSPIZA, Boxap. 



Calamospha, F^oXAP. List, 1S38. (Type, FrimjiUa l-k'olut\ ToWN.-s.) 

 CorydiiUna, AinuBoN, Synopsis, lS3t>. (Same type.) 



Of:v. Cn.vR. Bill rather largo, mufh swollen at the base; the culmen broad, gently but 



decidedly curved; the gonys nearly 

 straight ; the connnissure nnich 

 angulated near the base, then 

 slightly sinuatcd; lower mandil>le 

 nearh" as deep as the upper, the 

 margins much inflected, and shut- 

 ting under the upper mandible. 

 Nostrils small, strictly basal. Rictus 

 quite rtiflly bi istly. Legs large and 

 stout. Tarsi a little longer than 

 the middle toe : outer toe rather 

 longer than the inner, and reaching 

 to the concealed base of the mid- 

 dle claw ; hind toe reaching to the 

 base of the middle claw ; hind claw 



Cnlumospiza bicolor. 



about as long as its toe. Claws all strong, compressed, and consideraMy curved. Wings 

 long and pointed; the first four nearly e(|Mal. and abruptly longest; the tertials much 

 elongated, as long as the primaries. Tail a little shorter than the wings, slightly gradu- 

 ated ; the feathers rather narrow and oblicpiely oval, rounded at the end. 



Color. JA/Ze, black, with white on the wings. Femak, brown aI,ove, beneath white, 

 with streaks. 



