70 



North amkkicax hirds. 



Species and Varieties. 



roMMoN f'liAUAcTKU:*. ^. II ' '•! uikI iippcT pill ts (fxci'pt runip) (loop black. 

 Twolroini b;iii«ls a«3ross ti>v«'rts, a liU<,M' patch <m l>as«' of primaries, ami tur- 

 iniiial lialf of iuiuT webs of tail-featliors, pun- white. Urejust rariiiiin' or einna- 

 num ; axillars ami lining' of winj; earmine or <:ambo«,'e. 9* I^lat.'k rephicetl by 

 ochraeeotis l>n>\vn ; other parts more streakech 



H. ludoviciauua. Rump ami lower parts white; lininj^'of wiiiir, ami pateh 

 ou brei>t, i-osy earmiiie. No miciial collar. Fcmtife. Liiiiiijx <»f wiii^ 

 saflfron Yellow ; breast with numen>iis streaks. Hub. Eiwteni Province 

 of Nor h America. .«outh, in winter, to Ecuador. 



H. melauocephalus. Rump and lower parts cinnamon-rufous; lininij^ of 

 wing and midtlle of abdomen gambogi'-yellow. A ntichal collar of rufous*. 

 Female. Lining of wing lemon-yellow; breast without streaks; abdomen 

 tinged w ith K'mt»n-yellow. 



Crown continuous black. No post-ocular rufous stripe, Ilah. Moun- 

 tains of Mexici), and Central Rocky Mountains of Cnited States. 



var. mel anocephalus. 

 Crown divi<led by a longitudinal rufous stripe; a distinct post-ocular 

 stripe of the same. Hub. Western Province of Tnited States, south, 

 in winter, to Colima var. capital is. 



Hedymeles ludovicianus, Sw ainson. 



BOSE-BBEASTED OB08BEAX. 



Loxia ludovicUma, Lixx. Syst. Nat. I, 1766, 306. — Wilsox, Am. Oni. II, 1810, 135, pi. 

 xvii, f. 2. Guiraca liniovicianti, Swaixson, Thil. Mag. I, 18*27, 438. — Boxap. List, 

 1838. — Ib. Cousp. 1850, 501. — Baikd, Hinls N. Am. 1858, 497. — Sami-kls, 328. 

 Friiiijillii litJoria'ditif, Ai'n. Orii. Biog. II, 1S34, 166; V, 513, pi. cxxvii. Ptirrhula 

 huloricinaa. Sab. Zoiil. App. Franklin s Narr. Coavlhraiustes ludovicinno, liicH. Li.st, 

 Pr. Br. As.s. 1837. Coccohorua huhiriciinuts. All). Syn. 1839, 133. — 1b. Birds Am. 

 HI, 1841, 209, i»l. 205.— Max. Cab. J. VI, 1858, 267. ''a,miaphca ludovkianu, 

 BowDicH." Jlcdifiiuh's htdorieiitna, Cabaxis, Mus. llcin. 1851, 153. Frimjilla 

 puukca, G.MKLix, Syst. Nat. I, 1788, 921 (malo). Loxia obscura, G.melix, I, 1788, 

 862. Loxia rosea, Wilsox, Am. Orn. pi. xvii, f. 2. CoccolhraiidcsrubricolliSf ViEiLLoT, 

 Galerie des Ois. I, 1824, 67, pi. Iviii. 



Sp. Char. Up])er parts generally, with head and neck all roimd. glos!?y black. A 

 broad crescent across the upper part of the. breast, extending narrowly down to the belly, 

 axillaries, and mider wing-coverts carmine. Rest of under parts, rump and upper tail- 

 covert?;, middle wing-i-overts, spots on the tertiaries and inner great wing-coverts, l»asal 

 half of primaries and secondaries, and a large patch on the ends of the inner webs of the 

 outer three tail-feathers, pure white. Length. 8.50 inches; wing, 4.15. 



Female without the white of quill.«. tail, and rump, and without any black or red. 

 Above yell(nvi.sh-brown streaked with darker; head with a central stripe above, and a 

 suptrciliary on each side, white. Beneath dirty white, streaked with brown on the 

 breast and sides. Under wing-coverts and axillars safT'ron-3'ellow. 



In the male the black feathers of the back .and sides of the neck have a subterminal 

 wliite bar. There are a few l»lack spot? on the sides of the breast just below the red. 



The young male of the year is like the female, except in having the axillaries, under 

 wing-covert.s, and a trace of a patch on th»' breast, light rose-red. 



The depth of the carmine tint on the mider parts varies a good deal in different speci- 

 mens, but it is always of the same rosy hue. 



