i 



NUin'II A.MKUICAN UIKhS. 



Sr, ('iiAi;. .\f'ilf. Head .i'mivc .thI oh ilic -idr-, willi cliiii. Imck. wiiiirs, and tail, black. 

 A well-iiiaiki'fl collar »iii ihc liiii<i in c!\ all iiMui'l (ami in \ar. cdpifdlts a iiuirc or less dis- 

 tiiicl median ^itipc on cniw n. and one licliiml llic ♦■u-). cdiics ol' inteisi-aimlar leathers, 

 runi|). and nnd< r pails ::cneiallv pale Kiowni-li-oraiiLit', almost li_i,dit cinnamon. Middle 

 ol" Ix'lly. axillaiies, and mider \\ini:-<o\eits. yellow. Delly just anterior to the anus, 

 under lail-covi-rts. a laii^c lijotcii ai ilie end of the inner wel.s of lirst an<l second tail- 

 I'lMtheis, a liind acro>s the iidddle and ureater witiLT-covcrts. some sjK)ts on the ends of 

 liie lertiarics. the I asal ]iortions of all the <juills, and the onicr three primaries nciir the 

 tips, white. Lein^th nearly S inches; win;^". L'l-'t; tail, .'}.')(». 



luimili' has iln- chi?i, sides of throat, and superciliary stripe while; the hlack markinijs 

 replaced \<\ o!i\ aceous-Itrown : the cinnamon markini^s palei'. and almost white; the 

 while ot wiiiLis more i-cstrieled; thai ot' tail wantiiiLT. I'sually there are tew or no 

 sfri-aks ii.Mic;.ih as in Imlon'ridu'ts (laint ones on llaid<s) ; in youni;- males, how«'Vcr, the\' 

 arc moic anpi-ccial>le. The lemon or <:amlio;_:e yellow axillars and under coverts in all 

 a'_;"cs ami sialics separate this sp(>cies fiom //. f'itlon'ci<i/ius. the female aiid youni^ oi^ which 

 ha\e those rcLiions of a sallVon or lulvmis yellow. 



IJAi:. lliLiii Central Tlains from Yellowstone to thi I'acitic. TaMe-lands of ^[e.xieo. 

 Xalapa (Sci.. ls.",!t, .li;."); ()i-i/,aha (ScL. isr)7, lilo); Vera Cruz, Alpim' and plateau, 

 hrccdini;- (Sr\i. M. 15. S. I. ;">'). 



Tills liinl, ill its ituiuc (d' lial»it;it, a]t])eais to l»e re}>roseiitO(l l>y two varie- 

 ties, wliieli, liowover, run itilo i-acii oilier, so that it is often diilieiilt to ile- 

 tcriiiiiit' to which variety speeiiiieiis froiii intermediate regions slioidd be 

 referred. 



Takiiiu- the series I'loni Kasteni Mexieo fOrizaha and ^NFirador) and nortli- 

 ward aloiiLi' the leteky .Mountains of the I'nited States, we tind the hlaek of 

 tile \n-.d eontnnious, sharply (hdiiied hy a gently eiirved outline heliind, and 

 without a trace of either the vejtex or j>ost-o(ailar stripes. This is the true 

 inelanim iijiiihix, as restricted, and may he reuanled as the Kocky^ ^lountaiv 

 i'oiiii. The most western specimen is 11,241, from Fort liriduer : the nios' 

 nortiiern i r.>..">.'»."i , from StinkiiiLi K'iver, Xorthern Wyoming. All specimens 

 from the I*ae- ■ coast eastward to the western hase of the Iiocky Mountains, 

 including (ape St. Lucas and Western Mexico south to Colima, differ from 

 the h'ocky Moinitain series in having tlu» posterior outline of the hlack hood 

 ragued, and irregularly indented hy the rufous (d" the na])e, which always 

 extends ill a (juite hroad stripe toward the eye, along the side of the occiput, 

 and (piile frcipienily loinis a cons])icuous median vertex stripe, though tlie 

 latter feature is stuiietimes not distinct. These differen.ces are ohservahle 

 only ill the males, and, alth(tugli apparently slight, are yet suificiently con- 

 slant to jusiify distii-guishing them as races. The IJocky Mountain form 

 heing the true nidanoLrpludus, the mime ciq^ita/.'-i is i>roi)(>sed for the western 

 one 



il.MUTs. This hivd occurs from the high Central Plains to the Pacific, 

 and from the iioiihern portions id' V/ashington Ti'rritory to the tahle-lands 

 <d" .Mexico. Mr. liidgway lound this sjiecies ahundant, during tlu> sunnner 

 months, ill nil the fertile woodi'd «lisiiias along the <'ntire route (»f the 

 survi'V. At Sacramento it was common in the willow coj)ses, and was oh- 



