cuuviDJ-: — Tiiio nn >\vs. 





(listi-ibutiop Vfiv iicailv tlie >;iinc MJtli that of the I'inrorrn^. Mr. Aikci; 

 has rt'ct'iitly una wiili ilu'S(^' Itiids in Cnloiailo Tt'rriloiy, wlu've, h<>\vr\cr, 

 Mr. Alien (lid not oittain sjx'cinu'ns. (Irncral Mel all iouiul thc^c hirds 

 almndaiit near Santa 1m'-, in Xrw Mt,'xic<», al an altiiuii. of si'vcn tluaisand 

 li't'l ; and the late Capiain IV-ilnt-r ohlained sixM-iincns at Fort Crook, in 

 XurtluMstcrn ( 'aliloinia. 1 )i'. Coiu's consid'-rs its ranuv to 1k^ the conirt'- 

 rous zono ol vrm-tation within thf i;eo_urai»hical area houndrd cast w aid 

 ]»y the ro()t-Iiills and s1o]k'> of tlu' Rocky Mountains; westward hy the 

 Cascade and Coast rant^es ; north\\ard, iterhajis to Sitka, hnt nndetcr- 

 mined: and soniowhal so southward, not traced so far as the tinra Jria 

 of Mexico 



Or. Cones add.v t'a;. " ;;■• »!. st hirds which sidisist inditVercnlly on variiMl 

 animal or vejj;etahle loo' tlu.- pet ii-s is not, strictly speaking, miuiatory, 

 as it can fin<l food ii vint • ny where except at its loftiest jM»ints of 

 distrihiition. A descent (d" a few thousand feet from the mountains thus 

 answers all tlu' pm'po.ses of a southward journey performed hy other species, 

 so far a.s food is concernecl, while its harily nature enahles it to endure the 

 rigors of winter. According to his ohservations. this hird feeds principally 

 U]^on juni])er herries and pine seeds, and also u])oii acorns and other small 

 liard fruits. 



J)r. CoiU's descrihes this hird as narruhuis and vociferous, with cMiriously 

 modulated chattering' notes when at ease, and with extremely loud harsh 

 cries when ex .'d hy lear or ani^er. It is also said to l»e restless and 

 im]ietuous, as if of an unhalanced mintl. Its attitudes on the jj,round, to 

 wliich it fre(|uentlv descends, are. essentiallv Crow-like, and its ^ait is an 

 ea.sy walk or run, very iliiferent from the lea]>inLi- manner of jtionress 

 made hy tlie Jays. When ])endnnn', its usual attitude is stiff and firm. 

 Its tlii^ht restMuhles that of the /Vr/<7//r//.s\ After hreedin^, these hirds 

 unite in immense flocks, hut disperse again in pairs when the hreeding- 

 season (Hunmences. 



Nothing, so far. h"s heen ]k lished in regard to the character of the 



e»4!JS. 



Subfamily GARRULIN^. 



Char. Winirs slioif. roundc^d: iK^t lonircr or inucli shorter than the tail, which is irradu- 

 niiMl. soiiu'tiiiics ( X(H'ssivcly so. Wiutis r(\'icliiiiL'' not much Ix-yoiid the lower tail-covort.«?. 

 TJristly t\'athors at base of bill varialtl(\ IJill nearly a> loiiix ;i^s the ' ..d. oi- slutitcr. 

 Tarsi loiiiror than the bill or than ihc middle toe. UiUiT lateral claws rather shorter than 

 the iinier. 



The preceding diagnosis may ]>erhaps v iiaracterize tlie garruline hirds, 

 as compared with the Crows. The subdivisions of the group are as 

 follows: — 



