810 



NOIITII AMKRICAX DIllDS. 



Texas as to warmnt its iiitroductiini into our fauna. We have, however, 

 eoniluded to j^ive in the ])resent work notlung but what has actually been 

 iound within its prescribed limits. 



Tyrannus carolinensis, Baikd. 



KIN6BIBD ; BEE MABTIK. 



i Lanius tyrannus, Linn. Syst. Nat. I, 176G, 136. This belongs to the Cuban T. matutinus, 

 according to IJonaparte. Mtisaiatpa h/ronnits, ^Bui.sj>un .') Wilson, Am. Oru. I, 18U8, 

 66, 1)1. xiii. — AuD. Orn. Biog. I, 1832, 403 ; V, 1S39, 420, pi. Ix.xix. — Ib. Birds 

 Am. I, 1840, 204, pl. hi. Lnniun tifrannus, var. 7, atrollncnjiis, 5, hidovicidniis, 

 Gmelin, Syst. Nat. I, 17S8, 302. Musekajni rex, Bauton, Fragments N. H. Penna. 

 17S)9, 18. T[/r((nnus pipiri, ViKiLLoT, Ois. Am. Sept. I, IS07, 73, pl. xliv. — Cab. 

 Journ. Orn. Ill, 18r»5, 478. — Scl. List, 1862, 236. Tyrannus infrcpidus, Vieillot, 

 Oalerie Ois. I, 1824, 214, pl. cxxxiii. — Swainson, Mon. Ty. Shrikes, Quart. Jour. 

 1826, 274. Muscicirim ((uimosa, LiCHT. Verz. Doubl. 1823, No. i>'>S. Gobe Mauche 

 dc la Ccnilinc, Bl'FFon, Ois. V, 281, enl. pl. 676. Tyrannus kuoHjaster, Stei'HF.ns, 

 Shaw, Gen. Zoiil. XIII, 11, 1826, 132. Tyrannus carolinensis, Baihd, Birds N. Am. 

 1858, 171.— Cacan. Mus. ILin. II, 79. — Loud, Pr. U. A. Inst. IV, 64, 113.— 

 CuurEii k SrtKLEY, 167. --Samuel.s, 128. — Coopeu, Orn. CaL I, 1870, 311. 



Sp. CiiAK. Two, sometimes three, 01 r primaries abnij)tly attenuated at the end. 

 Second quill longest; third little shorter; lirst rather longei- than I'ourth, or uearh^ equal. 



Tail slightly rounded. Above dark bluish-ash. 

 The top and sides of the head to beneath the 

 eyes bluish-black. A concealed <.Test on the 

 crown vermilion in the centre, white behind, and 

 before partially mixed with oiange. Lower 

 parts pure white, tinged with pale bluish-ash on 

 the sides of the thrt)at an<l across the bivast ; 

 sides of the breast and under the wings siniihu- 

 to, but rather lighter than, the back. Axillaries 

 pale grayish brown tipped with lighter. The 

 wings daik brown, darkest towards the ends of 

 the quill- ; the greater coverts and (piills edged 

 with white, most so on the tertials ; the lesser 

 coverts edged with paler. L'pjier tail-eoverts 

 and upp«M* surface of the tail glossy black, the 

 latter veiy dark brown Itcneath ; all the feathers tipj^ed, and the exteric^r margined 

 externally with white, forming a conspicuous terminal band about .25 of an inch broad. 

 Length, 8.50; wing, 4.G5; tail, 3.70 ; tarsus, .75. 



IIab. Eastern North America to Rocky Mountains, Ocoasional in various parts of the 

 "Western Province (Washington Territoiy. Salt Lake Valley, Truckee River, Nevada, 

 etc.). South to Panama. Oaxacn, lowlands. March (Scl. P, Z. S. 185S, ,302) ; Honduras 

 (Moore, P. Z. S. 1.^50, 55); Guatemala fScL. Ibis T, r20) ; Cuba (Cab. J. IIL470; 

 Gl-ndl. Rep. 18f).'>, 230, '' T. pipirr)', Panama. (Mus. S. L; Lawr. Ann. X. Y. Lye. 

 TIT, 205): Greyt..wn. Nic. (Lawr. Ann. VIII, 183); East of San Antonio, Texas 

 (Dresskh. Ibis, 18()5, 172 ; breeds) ; Upper Amazon. Peru. Nauta (Scl. and Salv. P. Z. S., 

 18GG, 180); Vera Cruz, hot region, resident (Sumiciirast, M. 13. S. I, 557). 



T'lruiintis ciiiiiliu, /j.s/s. 



The yoiinf; of the yc;ar is .similar : the coh^rs dullor, the concealed colored 



