320 NOliTU AMElilC.VX BlUDS. 



Si". TirAR. Bill very larir*' and stout. Tail conspifnously forktMl. Winers lonjr; tho 

 lii-t >i\ t|iiills attniuatcd al»ni{»tly, iimch loiiircr than the seventh. Tertials niueh 

 (le\i-Ii)j)(Ml, nearly intennediate in lenj^tli between the lonj^est j»rniiaiies an<l the shortest 

 Sfconihiiv. Alu'Vf. and on the sides of the head and neek, a.-h-jxray, shadoil in j)hie»'s 

 with lif'wn. whirh forms the middle portion of each feather. Downv portion at the base 

 of eaeh fcatluM- above U^dii ash, then iijrlit l)rown, tipped and etltred with darker ash-jrray. 

 The mni tied apitearanee is caused I)y the l»ro\vn showinj^ from under the feathers; the 

 ear-eoverts darker. A concealed et)lored pati-h on the crown, formed l»y the base of the 

 leathers, white before and behind, oratiLre in the middle. Lower parts irrayish-white. 

 tinirt'd with ash across the l)reast. deepest anteriorly. Sides of the I)reast similar to, but 

 liirhtci- than, the back. I'nder winir-coverts and axillars pale sulphur-yellow. The winLr?^ 

 brown, darker to the tips ; the secon(hu"ies narrowly, the tertials luore broadly, edircd with 

 dull whit»\ Ktl<;cs of the coverts paler. Ahda dark brown. Tail similar in color to tho 

 quills. Upi>er tail-covert^s brown. Bill and feet black. Length, 8.00 ; wing, 4.00 ; tail, 

 4.00 ; tarsus, .70. 



Young. Lesser wing-covcrts and upper tail-coverts distinctl}- bordere(l with pale 

 ochraceous ; tail-feathers bordered all round with a deeper shade of the same. No 

 colored patch on the crown. 



ILvB. South Carolina coast, accidental : Florida Keysan<l West Indies ; Nicaragua ; Xew 

 Granada. Santa Cruz. (Xkwtox, Ibis I, 140. eggs): Carthagcna, N. G. (Cass. P. A. X. S. 

 1800, 143); Cuba (Cab. J. Ill, 478, breeds; Crr.vnL. Uep. 180."), 2.'3S, '• JM r/mew.s") ; 

 Jamaica (Gosse, B. J. 10!), breeds; Maijcii, P. A. N. S. 180.']. 287); St. Thomas (Cass. 

 P. .\. N. S. 1800, 37rj); Somluero (Lawk. Ann. X. Y. Lye. VIII, 1804, 99, ''gris€m")\ 

 Grcytown, Xicar. (Lawh. Ami. 183); Sta. Bartholemy (Suxd. 1800, o84) ; Massachusetts 

 (Mayxard, B. E. Mass. 1870, 124). 



Tliis species, tho\iQr]i al)ont the same size as the T. cdrolincnsis, is iiiucli 

 more puwerlully built, tlie bill and feet being much stronger, the former 

 consicleml)ly longer than the head, and as large as that of Sauropliayus 

 suJphfirdfus, though less compressed. 



SjK'cimens from Nicaragua and N^ew Granada appear to be almost per- 

 fectly identical with those from Florida and the West Indies, dill'ering oidy 

 in being just appreciably smaller, whicb, however, might be expected from 

 their more southern habitat. 



Habits. The (Jray Kingbird — the Pipiry Flycatcher of Audubon, or Gray 

 Petchary of Jamaica — is, exce])t in Florida, f»f scarcely more tlian occasional 

 occurrence within the limits of tlie United States. A single specimen has been 

 taken in Massacluisetts. This was shot in Lynn, October 2o, lS(i8, and was 

 in immature plumage. The bird was sliot on a tree near one of the streets 

 of tliat city by Mr. Cliarles Goodall. Mr. Audul)on also found these birds 

 quite common on tlie Florida Keys, almost every Key, however small, having 

 its pair. A ]»air was observed breeding in the college yard at Charleston, 

 S. G, by Dr. Bachman ; and for at least three years in succession they regu- 

 larly returned each year, and raised two broods in a season. This Flycatcher 

 is abundant in St. Croix, Cuba, Jamaica, and in the other West India Isl- 

 ands. In the first-named locality Mr. Alfred Xewton found it one of the 

 most conspicuous and commonest birds over the entire island. Its favor- 

 ite station, he states, was the top of the spearlike unexpanded frond of a tall 



