nClD.E — THK WOODPECKERS. 50] 



•' (Var. jnrdini similar, but much smaller, 7.0<), ami lower partn 

 smoky-brown.) Ilah. MitMlo and western North America, 

 nml south to Custu Uica var. harriai, 



2. P. pubescena. Outer tuil-feather white, with trausversu black 

 bands; len<,'tli about 0.2.'>. 



All the <iuills. with middle and frreater winjr-eoverts, with 

 lar^'e white sjK)ts. Ifah. Eastern North America . var. pHhencenn, 



Inn .nioMt quills and some of the coverts entirely liluk ; 

 remaining,' white spots reduced in size. llab. Western North 

 America . . ..#•.. var. (jairdneri. 

 DTCnOPICUS, IJoN. Whole l>aek bai de«l transversely with black 

 and white. Heneath white, with Idack spots on si«les. Maxillary 

 and auricular l)lack strijies eontluent at their posterior ends, the latter 

 not rinniinj; into the najie. In the males at leiust halt'of top of head 

 red. Lenj^th, about O.oO. 



3. P. scalaris. Anterior portion of the back banded with white; 

 lores and ujusid tufts sm<jky brown. iJlack strii)es on sides of the 

 heatl very nnich narrower than tlu* white ones, and not connected 

 with the black t)f the shoulders. Male with the whole crown red. 



Outer web of lat<'ral tail-feathers barred with black to the 

 base. White bands on back exceeding the black ones in width ; 

 red of the crown very continuous, on the forehead predomi- 

 nating? over the black and white. (Sometimes the black at 

 base of inner web of lateral tail-feather divided by white 

 bars.) Iluh. Southern and Eastern Mexico, and liio Grande 



region of United States var. ncalaris. 



Outer web of lateral tail-feather barred with black only 

 toward end. Red of crown niuch broken anteriorly, and in 

 less amount than the black and white mixed with it. "Whiti? 

 bands of the back not wider, generally much narrower than 

 the black ones. 



Bill, .90; tarsus, .70. Red of crown extending almost to 

 the bill. Ilab. Western Mexico, up to Western Arizona. 



var. gray soni. 

 Bill, 1.10; tarsus, ."o. Red of crown disappearing about 

 on a line above the eye, Ilab. Cape St. Lucas. 



var. lucasanus, 



4. P. nuttalli. Anterior portion of l>ack not banded with white ; lores 

 and nasal tufts white. Black stripes on side of the head very much 

 broader than the white ones, and connected by a narrow strip with the 

 black of the shoulders. Male with o*ily the nape and occiput red. 

 H<ib. Calitbrnia (only). 



b. One white stripe, only, on side of head, and this occupying whole 

 auricular region. Tail-feathers narrowed at ends, the points of the middle 

 ones much elongated. First quill longer than sixth. Bill very small, much 

 shorter than head. 



PHRENOPICTTS, Bonap. Back and wings transversely handed w^ith 

 black and white, and sides spotted with black, as in Difctiopicus. 



5. P. borealis. Red of male restricted to a concealed narrow 

 line on each side of the occiput, at the junction of the white and 

 black. Maxillary black stripe very broad and conspicuous, running 

 back to the series of black spots on sides of breast. Three outer 



■r*%^/!Kj ■ .. 3RA 



