riCID.K — TIIK \V(JOUl'KCKKK.S. r,4:^ 



Sp. Ciiau. Markin^^'s, ^'rtUTulIy, as in S. rnri'is. A nd mirlial (TrM<'«'nt. HfUy yrllow- 

 ish-wliitr. Thr rf<l »»l" thf tlir«»at fXloiitliii>f o\vy and olilit«'iatiiij; tin* l.la«k strip*' tV<»iii tho 

 lu\v«'r maiuliltli', t'X<'upt on tlu* .«i«k' of tin' jaw. I'ost-ocular Mack patch tin^'cd with hmI. 

 SecotulaiiL'S with little or no whitt* on outer webs. Tail-t'cathtTs Idack, scari'«'ly varied; 

 the innermost with iinier wel», as in iUin'uM. l-'einal<> similar, hut with the chin white; 

 the throat red, Itonlered, as in male. Ity a l»lack stripe troni the bill to the black pectoral 

 pat<h. !.enjrth, S.(K); wini:. ■'>.<►(>; tail, .{..',(». 



Hab. Mi<ldle IVovini'C of Tnited States. Localities. Fort Mohave (Cooi-Kit, Pr. Cal. 

 Ac. 1801, I'J'J); \V. Arizona (Coue:*, V. A. \. S. IHiit;, .'>,]). 



This bird, first indicated as a simple variety of S. ntn'iis, is yet jvh decidedly 

 distinct and (constant in its niarkin^js as a lar;;*; niunl>er of what an* lonsid- 

 ered to he vahd sj>ecies. The princijial dillerences from r/'////.s' have lieeii 

 mentioned ahove: tht;y consist mainly in the oieater development of red, as 

 seen in wider throat-patcli ; nnchal creseent ; tino;e on cheek ; a ^^reater 

 amount of black, shown in unspotted outer webs of .secontlaries and blacker 

 tail, and in the |)aU*r colors l)elo\v. The most striking' ijecidiarity is in the 

 half-red throat of the female, which is entirely white in niriii^. The li^jht 

 niarkin<,'s of the back are more <listinctly arran^^'ed in two lines enclo>iiii,' a 

 median of Idack, which show no concealed white spots as in ntrifs. The 

 breast is much paler, only sliohtly tino[ed with yellow, instead of the rich 

 color t(j which S. carii's owes its trivial name. 



Younix birds vary in color to the same excessive decree as in rnriifs. 



Haiuts. This form, clo.sely allied to the nntus, was at tirst known only 

 from the southern Itocky Mountains. Afterwards a largo number of s])eci- 

 mens were obtained by Mr. ('. Orexler at Fort Uridger, in Utah. 



Dr. Cooper procured a female specimen of this si)ecies at Fort Mohave, ou 

 the 20th of February, ISbl, which had prcdjably wandered in a storm from 

 the mountains, and which was the only one he met with. ])r. lleermann 

 states, also, that they were not rare at Fort Yuma. Dr. Coopers l)ird wa.s 

 silent and inactive, as if exhausted by a long flight. He also saw these birds 

 rather common as he crossed the mountains near latitude 48" in Septem]>er, 

 I860, and noticed a great similarity in their habits to those of the S. mritis. 

 They chietiy' freiiuented small deciduous trees, fed in the usual maimer of 

 other Woodpeckers, and had also a shrill, unvaried call or note of alarm. 



Dr. Coues found this \Voodi)ecker an abundant and a ])ermanent resident 

 in Arizona. Its distinctness as a species he did not question. F^verywhere 

 connnon, it seemed to prefer live cottoinvood-trees and willows. Two speci- 

 mens of this race have been taken in New England, — one in Xew Ilam})- 

 shire by Mr. William Brewster, the other in Cambridge by Mr. Henshaw. 



The lied-naped Woodpecker was found l)y Mr. Ridgway to l)e one of the 

 most abundant and characteristic si)ecies of the Wahsatch and Tintah 

 Mountains. It was also found, in greater or less numl)ers, throughout the 

 Great Basin, in the region of his route, and was even obtained on the eastern 

 Sierra Nevada, where, however, only one specimen was seen. Its favorite 

 resort, during summer, was the aspen groves in the mountains, at an altitude 



