368 THE WAR IN ACAl5lA. [1694. 



Abenaki fort on the Kennebec. His Indians were 

 completely exhausted. He took others in their 

 place, pushed forward again, reached Quebec on 

 the twenty-second of August, found that Fronte- 

 nac had gone to Montreal, followed him thither, 

 told his story, and presented him with thirteen 

 English scalps. 1 He had displayed in the achieve- 

 ment of his detestable exploit an energy, perse- 

 verance, and hardihood rarely equalled ; but all 

 would have been vain but for the help of his 

 clerical colleague Father Pierre Thury. 2 



The Indian Tribes of Acadia. — The name Abenaki is 

 generic, and of very loose application. As employed by the best 

 French writers at the end of the seventeenth century, it may be 

 taken to include the tribes from the Kennebec eastward to the St. 

 John. These again may be sub-divided as follows. First, the 

 Canibas (Kenibas), or tribes of the Kennebec and adjacent waters. 

 These with kindred neighboring tribes on the Saco, the Andro- 



1 " Dans cette assemblee M. de Villieu avec 4 sauvages qu'il avoit 

 amenes de l'Accadie presenta a Monsieur le Oomte de Frontenac 13 

 chevelures angloises." Callieres au Ministre, 19 Oct., 1694. 



2 The principal authority for the above is the very curious Relation 

 du Voyage fait par le Sieur de Villieu . . . pour /aire la Guerre aux Anglois 

 an printemps de Pan 1694. It is the narrative of Villieu himself, written 

 in the form of a journal, with great detail. He also gives a brief sum- 

 mary in a letter to the minister, 7 Sept. The best English account is that 

 of Belknap, in his History of New Hampshire. Cotton Mather tells the story 

 in his usual unsatisfactory and ridiculous manner. Pike, in his journal, 

 says that ninety-four persons in all were killed or taken. Mather says, 

 " ninety four or a hundred." The Provincial Record of New Hampshire 

 estimates it at eighty. Charlevoix claims two hundred and thirty, and 

 Villieu himself but a hundred and thirty-one. Champigny, Frontenac, 

 and Callieres, in their reports to the court, adopt Villieu's statements. 

 Frontenac says that the success was due to the assurances of safety 

 which Phips had given the settlers. 



In the Massachusetts archives is a letter to Phips, written just after 

 the attack. The devastation extended six or seven miles. There are 

 also a number of depositions from persons present, giving a horrible 

 picture of the cruelties practised. 



