STUDLAND CHURCH. 165 



Heavy shores were, therefore, set at the dangerous angles to 

 receive the thrust of the interior arches and groinings, and a cutting, 

 7ft. wide and from 4ft. to 12ft. deep, was excavated in sections at 

 an average distance of 3ft. from the walls (thus leaving space 

 for their subsequent underpinning) and filled in with concrete. 

 This extended from the east end of the chancel to the west end of 

 the nave. An account of interesting relics found during these 

 operations will be found on page 177. 



The work of preservation w r as vigorously commenced in the 

 summer of 1881 by Mr. W. M. Hardy, of Swanage, under the 

 direction of the Diocesan Surveyor, G. R. Crickmay, Esq., architect 

 (Westminster and Weymouth). The tower was thoroughly shored 

 and encased, and the interior arches were wedged up with strong 

 centres ; then the underpinning commenced. This was found both 

 difficult and dangerous, so that short sections of wall, from two to 

 three feet at a time, were proceeded with, and even then, while the 

 brickwork was being carried up, the core of the wall ran down like 

 sand in the hour-glass, especially when, on one occasion, the 

 volunteer artillery at Swanage, in close thick weather, were at 

 heavy gun practice. 



The new work was set in wider than the base of the walls and 

 piers within and without (except at the east end of the chancel) and 

 carried from A B B B on plan. Underpinning was unnecessary 

 for the rest, but the foundations were cleared out, Portland cement 

 concrete rammed in, and a water gutter hollowed on the surface. 



An interesting example of " The Twist " * was revealed during 

 the excavations. The old foundation appeared eighteen inches out 

 from the plinth at the N.W. corner, diminishing to nothing at the 

 chancel, while on the S. side the plinth-line was the same distance 

 the other side of the foundation line, the error tapering to nothing 

 at the middle buttress of tower. Further investigation showed that 

 inside on the north foundation and outside of the south a fresh line 



* The "Twist" found in churches and cathedrals is that divergence in 

 the line of the choir from that of the nave intended to convey to the 

 spectator the inclination of our Lord's head on the Cross. 



