T.£NIA 83 



intestinal catarrh, emaciation, anaemia and decreased temperature. 

 But in some instances, large masses of these worms collect and cause 

 considerable catarrhal disturbance of the intestines, or they may even 

 cause symptoms of intestinal stenosis. In rare instances, the parasites 

 produce numerous hemorrhagic furrows or indentations in the mucous 

 membrane. There is no doubt that in some cases round worms cause 

 considerable nervous disturbance, such as cramps or epilepsy, and may 

 even perforate the intestinal wall, causing a secondary peritonitis. The 

 penetration of the parasite into the bile duct has been observed in young 

 animals — puppies under six months. From the observations of Kitt, 

 Gasteiger, Mingazzini, there is no doubt that these parasites cause harm, 

 not only by absorbing nourishment that should go to the host, but by 

 producing and excreting certain toxic substances that cause both inflam- 

 matory changes and nervous disturbances. These nervous symptoms 

 generally disappear with the expulsion of the parasite. 



Therapeutics. — The principal agent used to remove the round worm 

 is floris cinae and santonin, the alkaloid of the plant Artemisia santon- 

 ica. Both can be administered and followed up by a dose of castor 

 oil, or the oil may be given with them. The floris cinse is given in doses 

 of 2.0 to 10.0 and the santonin in doses of 0.05 to 0.2 for the adult dog 

 and from 0.01 to 0.05 for young or smaller dogs. For the young 

 puppy give 0.025 rubbed up in a little sugar, or in triturate. Decoctions 

 of garlic, thymol, areca nut, are all administered by their various ad- 

 vocates. As a prophylactic measure, pregnant bitches that are about 

 to whelp and are suspected of having ascarides should be put in another 

 place, situated some distance from where they are to whelp and subse- 

 quently nurse their puppies and are then given medicine to expel the 

 parasites. This should be followed by a laxative, to wash out the para- 

 sites and what eggs may be in the rectum; and after that the region of 

 the anus should be washed to further remove the eggs that may be in that 

 region. Then the bitch is returned to the place where she is to whelp. 



I^. Flor. cinje pulv, 

 01. ricini, 

 Sig. — To be given on an empty stomach. 

 I^. Santonin, 



Chloroformum, 

 01. ricini, 

 Sacchanim, 

 Sig. — One-half in the morning and other in the after- 

 noon. 



I^. Santonin, 0.2 to 0.3 



Oh ricini, 45.0 to 60.0 



Shake the bottle before using. 



Sig — Divide into three portions and give one every 

 four hours. 



