206 DISEASES OF THE URIXARY AND SEXUAL APPARATUS 



extent; the tissues of the prostate only are affected and situated as it is 

 on the floor of the pelvis, it has plenty of room to expand. Lienaux 

 observed one case where there were intermittent hemorrhages, and finally 

 interference in urination and evacuation. 



Therapeutics are not productive of much good results. For the 

 constipation give saline laxatives; if the urine is retained, catheterize 

 the bladder and administer internally ergot or iodide of potassium. The 

 remedy that has given the best results has been the hypodermic injection 

 into the gland of a solution of iodine (iodide of potassium, 2 parts; tincture 

 of iodine, 2 parts; and water, 60 parts) at intervals of fourteen days. The 

 solution is injected through the rectum directly into the gland by means 

 of a small hypodermic syringe. 



Castration has been repeatedly tried; in a number of cases it has pro- 

 duced very good results and the animal was greatly relieved from active 

 symptoms, the prostate being reduced to its normal size, but in certain 

 cases the animal steadily failed, lost flesh, and in three or four weeks 

 became a skeleton and died apparently from inanition. 



Tumor of the Prostate. — Tumor of the prostate is generally carci- 

 nomatous in character, causing an irregular enlargement of the gland, 

 differing from the symmetrical enlargement seen in hypertrophy of the 

 gland; this aids materially in reaching a diagnosis. It is rather diflficult 

 at times to make a diagnosis where only the general indications of hyper- 

 trophy of the prostate are seen, that is difficulty in defecation and uri- 

 nation, and conclusions can only be based on the general health of the 

 animal, which shows a gradual want of nutrition. Lienaux recommends 

 extirpation of the prostate (prostotomy) even in simple hypertrophy. 

 Other anomalies, such as prostatic calculi, tuberculosis of the prostate, 

 have no particular interest and need not be taken up here. 



DISEASES OF THE PENIS AND PREPUCE. 



Phimosis and Paraphimosis. — By phimosis we mean a contraction 

 of the prepuce over the free end of the penis. It is often of congenital 

 origin, and is occasionally caused by injuries and consequent cicatricial 

 contraction; l;)ut as in the dog, the foreskin is rarely withdrawn, it is of little 

 importance; if , however, the contraction is so complete as to cause retention 

 of a certain amount of urine; the retained urine decomposes, and 

 acts as an irritant, causing inflammation and tumefaction of the pre- 

 puce. Phimosis prevents copulation, and as soon as the penis is erected, 

 causes paraphimosis. Treatment consists in making a longitudinal 

 incision on the median line of the prepuce and removing a certain amount 

 of the tissue and sewing back the mucous membrane. Paraphimosis is the 



