210 DISEASES OF THE URIXARY AND SEXUAL APPARATUS 



find fibroma, sarcoma and carcinoma; the former can easily be felt on the 

 surface of the testicle as distinct circumscribed elevations; the latter two 

 on the other hand are indicated by a hypertrophy of the testicles and the 

 spermatic cord may be involved, and in rare cases both testicles are affected. 

 The testicle may be greatly enlarged, the surface smooth or it may 

 be uneven and irregular. Rarely do these neoformations involve the 

 scrotum; when they do, they form adhesions and if they make an external 

 opening in the scrotum Kitt has observed that it is extremely difficult to 

 distinguish by microscopical examination the true pathological character 

 of these hypertrophied testicles and place them in their proper class 

 (Orchidarm, Orchidoblastom). Fig. 84 represents one of these tumors. 



Fig. 84. — Enlargement of scrotum. — Orchitis. 



Castration is the only radical method to remove these malignant tumors 

 and it should be done early before the entire region becomes involved. 



Castration of the Male. — The animal is prepared by washing the 

 region of operation with an antiseptic solution, put the animal under 

 ether or inject the region with 4 per cent, cocaine, turn him on his l:)ack, an 

 incision is made in a longitudinal direction through the skin of the scrotum 

 and vaginal tunic, and the posterior portions of the cord are cut through 

 and the anterior or vascular portion is ligated with silk and cut through 

 just below the ligature and the other testicle treated in the same manner 

 (Fig. 92); in young animals the cord is simply scraped through or 

 twisted off by means of tortion, and the opening in the scrotum closed by 



