SCURVY 321 



duced the disease. Grehant and Qiiinwuaud produced death in dogs 

 when urea was injectetl into them subcutaneously to the amount 

 of 1 per cent, of the whole weight of the body. This produces convul- 

 sions, apparently from suppression of respiration. Feltz and Ritter 

 produced uraemic symptoms in the dog with injections of salts of ammo- 

 nium. It is of practical interest to know that uraemia may also occur in 

 acute nephritis, in cases of enlargement of the prostate and obstruction 

 of the passage of urine, or from uratic stones filling up the urethra or the 

 neck of the bladder. 



The clinical symptoms have been described by Roll and others as 

 high temperature alternating with chills, constant vomiting, convulsions, 

 paralysis, coma, decrease in the temperature, and death within a few 

 days. Roll also states that dogs which have suffered with hypertrophy 

 of the prostate showed the same symptoms of this disease, but these were 

 produced gradually and the symptoms were not so acute. In such cases 

 we find dulness, disturbance of the intestinal canal, and convulsions. 



Treatment. — The treatment of uraemia is based on an endeavor to 

 remove or lessen the original cause (nephritis, etc.). If there is a calculus 

 present, it must be removed as soon as possible; and to eliminate the 

 poisonous materials from the blood, use mild saline laxatives and treat 

 symptoms. 



Scurvy. 



It is doubtful if true scurvy occurs in the dog — that is to say, a 

 hemorrhagic diathesis marked by a spontaneous bleeding of the mucous 

 membranes of the mouth, and also from the muscles, joints, etc. 

 This may occur as an epidemic; sporadic cases are extremely rare. 

 It is a question, however, whether true scurvy does occur and whether 

 it is not an attack of ulcerative stomatitis, which in the older text 

 books was described as pesu do-scurvy, or it is possible that it is dis- 

 temper, or septic or some condition due to the toxins in the blood. It 

 may result from the feeding of tainted or decayed meat or particularly 

 in packs of hounds where the dogs are fed, entirely on meat, and 

 never any vegetables. Seltzner described one case that in some re- 

 spects resembled Basedow's disease; a haemorrhagic diathesis and in 

 other respects it was similar to rickets. 



There were numerous haemorrhagic centres in the skin and cellular 

 tissues. The buccal mucous membrane was somewhat swollen and 

 filled with haemorrhagic spots, or even necrotic. The gums were also 

 in the same condition. There was loosening and falling out of the teeth, 

 horrible odor from the mouth and salivation, bleeding from the mouth, 

 bloody urine, and sometimes blood was vomited, in one case there was 



21 



